| Thematic Table of Contents |
|
xv | |
| Preface to the Instructor |
|
xxiii | |
| INTRODUCTION: Thinking, Reading, and Writing |
|
1 | (574) |
|
|
|
3 | (2) |
|
|
|
5 | (16) |
|
|
|
5 | (4) |
|
|
|
9 | (7) |
|
|
|
16 | (4) |
|
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
|
|
21 | (14) |
|
|
|
21 | (6) |
|
|
|
27 | (3) |
|
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
|
|
31 | (4) |
|
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
1 DESCRIPTION: Exploring through the Senses |
|
|
36 | (66) |
|
|
|
36 | (2) |
|
Thinking Critically by Using Description |
|
|
38 | (2) |
|
Reading and Writing Descriptive Essays |
|
|
40 | (5) |
|
Student Essay: Description at Work |
|
|
45 | (4) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Description |
|
|
49 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
51 | (7) |
|
The description of a simple, comforting ritual-the putting up of a front-porch swing in early summer confirms the value of ceremony in the life of small town. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes from the Country Club |
|
|
58 | (14) |
|
Have you ever wondered what being in prison is like? Kimberly Wozencraft takes us for a no-nonsense tour of the "correctional institution" in Kentucky that was her hone for over a year. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
72 | (9) |
|
John McPhee's gift of richly detailed prose is captured in this compelling description of two very different natives of "The Pines," a wilderness area in the eastern United States. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
81 | (13) |
|
In this humorous, touching, and ultimately optimistic essay, the author introduces us to the unfamiliar "country" of old age. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
94 | (23) |
|
Bernard Cooper's brilliant analysis of his childhood obsession with mazes reminds us of how easily we all become "lost in the folds and bones" of our advancing years. |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
2 NARRATION: Telling a Story |
|
|
102 | (56) |
|
|
|
102 | (2) |
|
Thinking Critically by Using Narration |
|
|
104 | (1) |
|
Reading and Writing Narrative Essays |
|
|
105 | (4) |
|
Student Essay: Narration at Work |
|
|
109 | (6) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Narration |
|
|
115 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
117 | (7) |
|
A Native American responds to prejudice by searching for ethnic and cultural pride. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
124 | (6) |
|
Deserted by her husband, a proud and determined Annie Johnson decides to "step off the road and cut...a new path" for herself. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Saturday Evening Post |
|
|
130 | (11) |
|
In this autobiographical essay, Pulitzer Prize-winning author Russell Baker offers an unflinching look at his childhood days in the small town of Morrisonville, Virginia. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
141 | (7) |
|
The only daughter in a large family, Sandra Cisneros feels overwhelming pride when her father praises her skill as a writer. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
148 | (23) |
|
Humorist Garrison Keillor mixes a delightful literary stew out of marriage, mushrooms, a Piper Cub airplane, and an English assignment. |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
3 EXAMPLE: Illustrating Ideas |
|
|
158 | (50) |
|
|
|
158 | (2) |
|
Thinking Critically by Using Example |
|
|
160 | (2) |
|
Reading and Writing Essays That Use Examples |
|
|
162 | (3) |
|
Student Essay: Examples at Work |
|
|
165 | (4) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Examples |
|
|
169 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
171 | (6) |
|
Why do people have children? Comedian Bill Cosby presents several hilarious and ironic reasons in this truthful look at the effects kids have on our lives. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Red, White and Blue Highways |
|
|
177 | (7) |
|
In this perceptive meditation on "America's roads," William Least Heat-Moon explains how our nation's highways unite us all geographically and spiritually. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
184 | (6) |
|
How should we treat the handicapped? Blind author Harold Krents gives us a few lessons in judging people on their abilities rather than their disabilities. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
190 | (10) |
|
In this provocative and intriguing essay, author Amy Tan examines the relationship between her mother's "fractured" English and her own talent as a writer. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200 | (21) |
|
Brent Staples's horrifying description of his brother's inner city killing lays bare the decay of urban America and its effect on the young African-America men who are imprisoned there. |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
4 PROCESS ANALYSIS: Explaining Step by Step |
|
|
208 | (57) |
|
Defining Process Analysis |
|
|
208 | (2) |
|
Thinking Critically by Using Process Analysis |
|
|
210 | (2) |
|
Reading and Writing Process Analysis Essays |
|
|
212 | (4) |
|
Student Essay: Process Analysis at Work |
|
|
216 | (3) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Process Analysis |
|
|
219 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
221 | (8) |
|
Feeling frantic and disorganized? Time-management expert Edwin Bliss reveals secrets of organization that will make your life much easier. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Behind the Formaldehyde Curtain |
|
|
229 | (12) |
|
In this chilling and macabre essay, celebrated "muckraker" Jessica Mitford exposes the greed and hypocrisy of the American mortuary business. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
241 | (7) |
|
Had your fill of overpaid, pampered, prima donna professional athletes? Jay Weiner has just the solution in this impassioned plea to save sports from the greed of corporate America. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
248 | (7) |
|
Do your participles dangle? Does your syntax sag? Is your rhetoric stuck in a rut? Check out Linda Formichelli's helpful suggestions for giving your prose some pizzazz. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Getting Out of Debt (and Staying Out) |
|
|
255 | (22) |
|
Credit card bills getting you down? Author Julia Bourland suggests eight easy ways to pay off your balance and stay out of debt. |
|
|
|
CHATTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
5 DIVISION/CLASSIFICATION: Finding Categories |
|
|
265 | (57) |
|
Defining Division/Classification |
|
|
265 | (2) |
|
Thinking Critically by Using Division/Classification |
|
|
267 | (2) |
|
Reading and Writing Division/Classification Essays |
|
|
269 | (3) |
|
Student Essay: Division/Classification at Work |
|
|
272 | (3) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Division/Classification |
|
|
275 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
Memory: Tips You'll Never Forget |
|
|
277 | (6) |
|
Ever forget where you parked your car? Phyllis Schneider suggests how to perk up your aging memory. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
283 | (12) |
|
Do you like to gamble? Have you ever put all your money on one spin of the roulette wheel? Or are you the type of person who prefers to play it safe? K.C. Cole examines the types of risks most of us are comfortable with and comes up with some very interesting conclusions. |
|
|
|
JUDITH WALLERSTEIN AND SANDRA BLAKESLEE |
|
|
|
Second Chances for Children of Divorce |
|
|
295 | (10) |
|
Children of divorce often have a difficult time coping with their parents' separation, but they can return to a happy, well-adjusted life if they accomplish a series of important "tasks" identified in this fascinating essay. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Confessions of an Ex-Smoker |
|
|
305 | (7) |
|
Are you a reformed smoker? Do you know someone who is? Franklin Zimring Offers a witty classification of people who've kicked the habit. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
312 | (26) |
|
Do you always tell the truth? Judith Viorst classifies and evaluates several types of lies that are a part of our morally complex world. |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
6 COMPARISON/CONTRAST: Discovering Similarities and Differences |
|
|
322 | (67) |
|
Defining Comparison/Contrast |
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
Thinking Critically by Using Comparison/Contrast |
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
Reading and Writing Comparison/Contrast Essays |
|
|
325 | (7) |
|
Student Essay: Comparison/Contrast at Work |
|
|
332 | (4) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Comparison/Contrast |
|
|
336 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts |
|
|
338 | (7) |
|
Historian Bruce Catton vividly compares the backgrounds, personalities, and fighting qualities of two fascinating Civil War generals. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
345 | (12) |
|
When the author, formerly an inmate at San Quentin, returns to the prison as a free man to help film a movie he has written, the experience reawakens all the rage he felt while incarcerated and reminds him of the sweetness of freedom and the brutality of prison life. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japanese and American Workers: Two Casts of Mind |
|
|
357 | (10) |
|
The phrase "Made in Japan" will take on new meaning after you read this essay on "collective responsibility" in the Land of the Rising Sun. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
367 | (9) |
|
Feminist Gloria Steinem examines the muscle-bound world of women's bodybuilding and discovers that strength means sexual power. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
376 | (25) |
|
Blessed with an indomitable spirit, Sucheng Chan discusses the challenges, benefits, and cultural contrasts of being "non-white, female, handicapped...and short, besides." |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
7 DEFINITION: Limiting the Frame of Reference |
|
|
389 | (51) |
|
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
Thinking Critically by Using Definition |
|
|
390 | (2) |
|
Reading and Writing Definition Essays |
|
|
392 | (3) |
|
Student Essay: Definition at Work |
|
|
395 | (4) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Definition |
|
|
399 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
401 | (8) |
|
What's the difference between a mother and a grandmother? Light years, claims columnist Erma Bombeck! Grandmothers can "shed the yoke of responsibility, relax, and enjoy their grandchildren in a way that was not possible when they were raising their own children." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
409 | (8) |
|
Robert Ramirez lovingly describes the "feeling of family" in a typical inner-city barrio. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
417 | (9) |
|
What is a "family"? Psychologist Mary Piphor attempts to answer this intriguing question by evaluating the effect that different categories of family members have on our ability to function in society as a whole. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
426 | (7) |
|
In "Ways to Ai," author Wang Ping dissects the many different and often contradictory meanings of the word "love" in her native Chinese language, all of which converge at the human heart. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
433 | (22) |
|
Been back to visit your old "neighborhood" lately? Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist Ellen Goodman gives new meaning to the term in her essay on the "communities" we all belong to. |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
439 | (1) |
|
8 CAUSE/EFFECT: Tracing Reasons and Results |
|
|
440 | (56) |
|
|
|
441 | (3) |
|
Thinking Critically by Using Cause/Effect |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
Reading and Writing Cause/Effect Essays |
|
|
445 | (3) |
|
Student Essay: Cause/Effect at Work |
|
|
448 | (5) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Cause/Effect |
|
|
453 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
Why We Crave Horror Movies |
|
|
455 | (7) |
|
Seen any good horror movies lately? Best-selling author Stephen King explains why we are so fascinated by films that appeal to our darker instincts. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
462 | (8) |
|
An angry and frustrated Michael Dorns describes the long-term damage done to his adopted son, Adam, by the ravages of fetal alcohol syndrome. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Fear of Losing a Culture |
|
|
470 | (7) |
|
How can Hispanics "belong to America without betraying their past"? Richard Rodriguez offers some helpful insights on a complex cultural topic. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
477 | (6) |
|
"Waddya Mean I never do the dishes?!" Mary Roach presents a light-hearted, but sensible view of arguing fairly within a relationship. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beauty: When the Other Dancer Is the Self |
|
|
483 | (29) |
|
Looking back on an accident suffered many years ago, Alice Walker analyzes the connection between physical beauty and her own self-image. |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
495 | (1) |
|
9 ARGUMENT AND PERSUASION: Inciting People to Thought or Action |
|
|
496 | (79) |
|
Defining Argument and Persuasion |
|
|
497 | (2) |
|
Thinking Critically by Using Argument and Persuasion |
|
|
499 | (2) |
|
Reading and Writing Persuasive Essays |
|
|
501 | (5) |
|
Student Essay: Argument and Persuasion at Work |
|
|
506 | (4) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Argument and Persuasion |
|
|
510 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
Justice: Childhood Love Lessons |
|
|
512 | (12) |
|
Do you believe children should be spanked when they misbehave? Author bell hooks examines the interrelated issues of love, discipline, and maturity in this interesting essay on "Childhood Love Lessons." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Don't Let Stereotypes Warp Your Judgment |
|
|
524 | (7) |
|
Whom would you rather date: Gloria or Bertha? Richard or Cuthbert? What specific images do these names conjure up in your mind? Robert Heilbroner invites us to avoid stereotypical thinking when we encounter the world around us unless we are content with becoming a "stereo-type" ourselves! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
We Are Training Our Kids to Kill |
|
|
531 | (15) |
|
Retired Col. Dave Grossman questions the role models we are creating for our kids through the violence on TV. In this essay, he challenges us to regain control of child abuse, racism, and poverty in American society. |
|
|
|
Opposing Viewpoints: Media Coverage |
|
|
544 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
Embedded Reporters Make for Good Journalism |
|
|
546 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
Is the New News Good News? |
|
|
550 | (8) |
|
Should our armed forces overseas permit print and television journalists to be "embedded" in military units engaged in combat? David Shaw and Justin Ewers square off on this controversial and timely issue that illustrates our insatiable appetite for news. |
|
|
|
Opposing Viewpoints: Immigration |
|
|
556 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
America Must Take Stronger Measures to Halt Illegal Immigration |
|
|
558 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
Illegal Immigration Does Not Threaten America |
|
|
564 | (29) |
|
Is the United States "under year-round siege by hordes of illegal aliens," as Michael Scott claims, or is Richard Raynor correct when he argues that "America is an immigrant nation" that needs drive, generosity, and energy of people from other countries. |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
574 | (1) |
| 10 DOCUMENTED ESSAYS: Reading and Writing from Sources |
|
575 | (43) |
|
Defining Documented Essays |
|
|
575 | (2) |
|
Reading and Writing Documented Essays |
|
|
577 | (7) |
|
Student Essay: Documentation at Work |
|
|
584 | (7) |
|
Some Final Thoughts on Documented Essays |
|
|
591 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
593 | (10) |
|
Do men and women possess a natural "warrior instinct" that enables them to kill their enemies during battle? Not so, claims Barbara Ehrenreich, though many social and cultural rituals help transform ordinary people into effective soldiers. |
|
|
|
JILL LESLIE ROSENBAUM AND MEDA CHESNEY-LIND |
|
|
|
Appearance and Delinquency: A Research Note |
|
|
603 | (17) |
|
Criminologists Rosenbaum and Chesney-Lind offer some fascinating evidence about the relationship between the attractiveness of female offenders and the severity of their punishment. |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
617 | (1) |
| 11 FURTHER THINKING, READING, AND WRITING |
|
618 | (47) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
620 | (1) |
|
What is the basic, primal urge that drives us to communicate with each other? In this brief yet brilliant essay, Roger Rosenblatt examines the reasons why we write "blindly" to the world around us. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
622 | (1) |
|
Novelist Rita Mae Brown argues persuasively that good writers should always tell the truth. "If you aren't reading books that challenge you, you're reading the wrong books," she claims. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
629 | (1) |
|
Set in the segregationist South, Wright's short story illustrates the triumph of one brave man's lust for learning over a society that seeks to keep him "in his place." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
638 | (1) |
|
In this enchanting narrative, an American instructor in a Hong Kong school earns the secrets of inter-cultural communication from one of his students. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
653 | (1) |
|
"A choir of authors murmuring inside their books" calls to the author of this poem, inviting him to read about the universe around him. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
655 | (1) |
|
These two poems depict poetry as a "ball" being thrown between two boys and as a "glass" through which life is seen most clearly. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
657 | (1) |
|
In this brief dramatic vignette about a teacher and her reluctant student, Neena Beber lays bare the distinctions between two entirely different world views of thinking, reading, and writing. |
|
|
|
CHAPTER WRITING ASSIGNMENTS |
|
|
664 | (1) |
| Glossary of Useful Terms |
|
665 | (13) |
| Credits |
|
678 | (4) |
| Index of Authors and Titles |
|
682 | |
Other versions by this Author