Editorial |
|
v | |
Contents |
|
xi | |
Preface |
|
xxi | |
Color Plates |
|
1 | (1) |
|
Chlorophyll a Fluorescence: A Bit of Basics and History |
|
|
1 | (42) |
|
|
|
2 | (1) |
|
|
2 | (10) |
|
The Two-Light Reaction and Two-Pigment System Concept |
|
|
12 | (6) |
|
Photosynthetic Unit and Excitation Energy Transfer |
|
|
18 | (4) |
|
The Fluorescence Transient |
|
|
22 | (2) |
|
The Photosystem II Reactions and Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
|
|
24 | (4) |
|
Non-photochemical Quenching of Chl Fluorescence |
|
|
28 | (3) |
|
|
31 | (12) |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
|
32 | (11) |
|
Fluorescence of Photosynthetic Pigments in Vitro and in Vivo |
|
|
43 | (22) |
|
George Christos Papageorgiou |
|
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
Origin and Evolution of Oxyphototrophic Organisms |
|
|
44 | (2) |
|
Chromophores for Light Harvesting and Excitation Handling |
|
|
46 | (4) |
|
Intramembranous Pigment Holochromes |
|
|
50 | (7) |
|
Extramembranous Light Harvesting Antennae---Phycobiliproteins and Phycobilisomes |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
|
58 | (7) |
|
|
58 | (1) |
|
|
58 | (7) |
|
Chlorophyll Fluorescence as a Probe of Photosynthetic Productivity |
|
|
65 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
|
67 | (1) |
|
|
68 | (3) |
|
Relationship between the Operating Efficiencies of PS I and PS II Electron Transport |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
Factors Associated with Changes in PS II Operating Efficiency |
|
|
71 | (4) |
|
The Relationship between PS II Operating Efficiency and the Quantum Yield of CO2 Assimilation |
|
|
75 | (2) |
|
Can Rates of Electron Transport and CO2 Assimilation be Calculated Accurately from PS II Operating Efficiencies? |
|
|
77 | (1) |
|
|
78 | (5) |
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
|
79 | (4) |
|
Nuts and Bolts of Excitation Energy Migration and Energy Transfer |
|
|
83 | (24) |
|
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
|
84 | (3) |
|
Why Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Is Such a Popular Method of Measurement |
|
|
87 | (1) |
|
FRET Basics: A Short Description |
|
|
88 | (2) |
|
What Can We Learn from Energy Transfer? |
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
Simple Portrayal of the FRET Process that Explicates the Different Ways of Measuring Energy Transfer Efficiency |
|
|
91 | (9) |
|
Transfer between Identical Molecules Detected by Fluorescence Anisotropy |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
Models of Energy Transfer through Photosynthesis Antennae Systems |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
Energy Transfer by Electron Exchange |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
Assumption of Non-coherent Mechanisms. Cooling Off to the Equilibrium Position of the Nuclei Positions |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
Cascade Mechanism of Transfer---Emission and Reabsorption of a Photon |
|
|
102 | (5) |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
|
102 | (5) |
|
Transfer and Trapping of Excitations in Plant Photosystems |
|
|
107 | (26) |
|
|
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
|
108 | (4) |
|
Transfer and Trapping of Excitations in Photosystem (PS) I |
|
|
112 | (6) |
|
Transfer and Trapping of Excitations in PS II |
|
|
118 | (9) |
|
|
127 | (6) |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
|
128 | (5) |
|
System Analysis and Photoelectrochemical Control of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Terms of Trapping Models of Photosystem II: A Challenging View |
|
|
133 | (40) |
|
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
|
134 | (3) |
|
The `Classic' Two-state Trapping Model Of Photosystem II |
|
|
137 | (11) |
|
Photoelectrochemical Control of PS II Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
|
|
148 | (5) |
|
A Three-state Energy Trapping Model of Photosystem II |
|
|
153 | (10) |
|
Concluding Remarks, Controversies and Perspectives |
|
|
163 | (10) |
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
|
168 | (5) |
|
Photon Capture, Exciton Migration and Trapping and Fluorescence Emission in Cyanobacteria and Red Algae |
|
|
173 | (24) |
|
|
|
174 | (1) |
|
|
174 | (1) |
|
Antenna Systems in Cyanobacteria and Red Algae |
|
|
175 | (8) |
|
Excitation Energy Transfer and Trapping |
|
|
183 | (5) |
|
Energy Transfer Mechanisms |
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
Diversity of Pigments and Antenna Systems in Cyanobacteria |
|
|
189 | (2) |
|
|
191 | (6) |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
|
192 | (5) |
|
Photosystem II: Oxygen Evolution and Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Induced by Multiple Flashes |
|
|
197 | (34) |
|
|
|
198 | (1) |
|
Introduction to Photosystem II |
|
|
199 | (1) |
|
Biochemical Organization of Photosystem II |
|
|
199 | (5) |
|
|
204 | (4) |
|
The Kok Model for the Flash-induced Oxygen Evolution |
|
|
208 | (5) |
|
Binary Oscillations of the Plastosemiquinone on the Acceptor Side of Photosystem II |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
Chlorophyll a Fluorescence |
|
|
214 | (9) |
|
|
223 | (8) |
|
|
224 | (1) |
|
|
225 | (6) |
|
Fluorescence of Photosystem I |
|
|
231 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
|
232 | (2) |
|
Fluorescence of Photosystem I in Vivo |
|
|
234 | (4) |
|
Fluorescence in Isolated Photosystem I Reaction Centers |
|
|
238 | (3) |
|
Fluorescence in the Chlorophyll-depleted Reaction Center of Photosystem I |
|
|
241 | (3) |
|
Photosystem I with Chlorophylls Other than Chlorophyll a |
|
|
244 | (2) |
|
|
246 | (5) |
|
|
247 | (1) |
|
|
247 | (4) |
|
The Relationship between Photosynthetic Electron Transfer and its Regulation |
|
|
251 | (28) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
252 | (1) |
|
|
252 | (1) |
|
A `Static' Model for Photosynthesis and Down-regulation |
|
|
253 | (2) |
|
Possible Mechanisms of Short-term Variation in Down-regulatory Sensitivity |
|
|
255 | (15) |
|
Conclusions and Working Model |
|
|
270 | (9) |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
|
271 | (8) |
|
Pulse-Amplitude-Modulation (PAM) Fluorometry and Saturation Pulse Method: An Overview |
|
|
279 | (42) |
|
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
|
280 | (2) |
|
Principle of Pulse-Amplitude-Modulation |
|
|
282 | (2) |
|
Information Carried by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Yield |
|
|
284 | (3) |
|
Saturation Pulse Method of Quenching Analysis |
|
|
287 | (7) |
|
Assessment of Quantum Yield and Relative Electron Transport Rate |
|
|
294 | (3) |
|
Intrinsic Heterogeneity of Variable Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
|
|
297 | (9) |
|
Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) Fluorometry for Special Applications |
|
|
306 | (15) |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
|
312 | (9) |
|
Analysis of the Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Transient |
|
|
321 | (42) |
|
|
|
|
|
322 | (1) |
|
|
323 | (2) |
|
|
325 | (10) |
|
Fluorescence Transients in the Presence of Diuron at Room Temperature |
|
|
335 | (2) |
|
Fluorescence Transients at Low Temperature (77K) |
|
|
337 | (2) |
|
Polyphasic Fluorescence Transients in Vivo |
|
|
339 | (17) |
|
Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives |
|
|
356 | (7) |
|
|
358 | (1) |
|
|
358 | (5) |
|
Light Emission as a Probe of Charge Separation and Recombination in the Photosynthetic Apparatus: Relation of Prompt Fluorescence to Delayed Light Emission and Thermoluminescence |
|
|
363 | (26) |
|
|
|
|
364 | (1) |
|
|
364 | (1) |
|
Thermodynamics of Reaction Kinetics |
|
|
364 | (8) |
|
Variable Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
|
|
372 | (2) |
|
Delayed Light Emission (DLE) from Photosynthetic Systems |
|
|
374 | (5) |
|
|
379 | (2) |
|
|
381 | (8) |
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
|
382 | (7) |
|
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging of Leaves and Fruits |
|
|
389 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
|
390 | (4) |
|
Imaging Technology and Techniques |
|
|
394 | (7) |
|
Sources of Heterogeneity in Fluorescence Images |
|
|
401 | (2) |
|
|
403 | (6) |
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
|
404 | (5) |
|
Using Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Imaging to Monitor Photosynthetic Performance |
|
|
409 | (20) |
|
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
410 | (2) |
|
|
412 | (1) |
|
|
412 | (7) |
|
|
419 | (3) |
|
|
422 | (3) |
|
The Immediate Future and Concluding Remarks |
|
|
425 | (4) |
|
|
427 | (1) |
|
|
427 | (2) |
|
Remote Sensing of Chlorophyll Fluorescence: Instrumentation and Analysis |
|
|
429 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
429 | (1) |
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
Ground Based Measurements |
|
|
431 | (9) |
|
Long Distance Fluorosensing |
|
|
440 | (3) |
|
|
443 | (4) |
|
|
443 | (1) |
|
|
443 | (4) |
|
Probing the Mechanism of State Transitions in Oxygenic Photosynthesis by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Kinetics and Imaging |
|
|
447 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
447 | (1) |
|
Introduction to State Transitions |
|
|
448 | (3) |
|
Studying State Transitions using Continuous Measurements of Fluorescence |
|
|
451 | (1) |
|
Studying State Transitions using Picosecond Fluorescence Kinetics |
|
|
452 | (3) |
|
Using Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching (FRAP) to Study Protein Mobility |
|
|
455 | (2) |
|
Screening for State Transition Mutants |
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
|
458 | (5) |
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
|
460 | (3) |
|
Non-photochemical Energy Dissipation Determined by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching: Characterization and Function |
|
|
463 | (34) |
|
|
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Definition of Quenching Parameters |
|
|
465 | (2) |
|
Characterization and Mechanisms of Non-photochemical Quenching |
|
|
467 | (14) |
|
Function of Thermal Energy Dissipation |
|
|
481 | (4) |
|
|
485 | (12) |
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
|
485 | (12) |
|
Excess Light Stress: Multiple Dissipative Processes of Excess Excitation |
|
|
497 | (28) |
|
|
|
|
498 | (1) |
|
|
498 | (2) |
|
Origins, Measurements and Interpretations of Variable Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
|
|
500 | (9) |
|
Fluorescence Quenching, Multiple Mechanisms for the Dissipation of Energy |
|
|
509 | (9) |
|
|
518 | (7) |
|
|
519 | (1) |
|
|
519 | (6) |
|
Using Mutants to Understand Light Stress Acclimation in Plants |
|
|
525 | (30) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Light Stress |
|
|
527 | (4) |
|
Genetic Methods to Study Abiotic Stress |
|
|
531 | (7) |
|
Insights into Light Stress Acclimation |
|
|
538 | (8) |
|
|
546 | (9) |
|
|
547 | (1) |
|
|
547 | (8) |
|
Excess Light Stress: Probing Excitation Dissipation Mechanisms through Global Analysis of Time- and Wavelength-Resolved Chlorophyll a Fluorescence |
|
|
555 | (28) |
|
|
|
556 | (1) |
|
|
556 | (4) |
|
Time- and Wavelength-Resolved Fluorescence Instrumentation |
|
|
560 | (4) |
|
Overview of Global Analysis |
|
|
564 | (5) |
|
Applications of Global Statistical Analysis |
|
|
569 | (8) |
|
Conclusions and Future Research |
|
|
577 | (6) |
|
|
578 | (1) |
|
|
578 | (5) |
|
Chlorophyll Fluorescence as a Tool to Monitor Plant Response to the Environment |
|
|
583 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
584 | (1) |
|
|
584 | (1) |
|
Regulation of Excitation Energy Transfer within Photosystem II Complexes |
|
|
585 | (7) |
|
Photoinhibition, Zeaxanthin Retention, and Sustained Decreases in Fv/Fm |
|
|
592 | (3) |
|
Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence to Assess Photosynthetic Performance |
|
|
595 | (2) |
|
Strategies of Adjustment to Excess Light: Light Harvesting Capacity, Photosynthetic Electron Flow, and Excitation Energy Transfer Efficiency |
|
|
597 | (1) |
|
Concluding Remarks: What Chlorophyll Fluorescence Can and Cannot Reveal about Stress in Plants |
|
|
598 | (7) |
|
|
599 | (1) |
|
|
599 | (6) |
|
Plant Responses to Ultraviolet Radiation Stress |
|
|
605 | (18) |
|
|
|
605 | (1) |
|
Introduction: Ozone Reduction and UV Radiation Stress |
|
|
606 | (1) |
|
General Responses to UV Radiation |
|
|
607 | (2) |
|
Responses in Photosynthesis |
|
|
609 | (5) |
|
Photosynthesis Under Ecological Conditions |
|
|
614 | (1) |
|
|
615 | (8) |
|
|
615 | (1) |
|
|
615 | (8) |
|
Effects of Water Stress on the Photosynthetic Efficiency of Plants |
|
|
623 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
623 | (1) |
|
|
624 | (1) |
|
Water Deficit in Desiccation-tolerant or Poikilohydric Lower Plants |
|
|
624 | (2) |
|
Water Deficit in Desiccation-tolerant Vascular Plants |
|
|
626 | (1) |
|
Water Deficit in Desiccation-sensitive Higher Plants |
|
|
627 | (4) |
|
Photosystem II Function in Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Species under Drought Conditions |
|
|
631 | (1) |
|
|
632 | (5) |
|
|
632 | (5) |
|
Chlorophyll a Fluorescence as a Probe of Heavy Metal Ion Toxicity in Plants |
|
|
637 | (26) |
|
|
|
|
637 | (1) |
|
|
638 | (1) |
|
Dynamics of Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Changes and Their Relationship to the Structure-Function of Photosynthetic Membranes |
|
|
639 | (2) |
|
Role of Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Imaging in Detection/Understanding of Metal Ion Stress |
|
|
641 | (1) |
|
Commonality in Metal Ion Action |
|
|
642 | (2) |
|
Amelioration of Metal Ion Action by Other Metal Ions |
|
|
644 | (1) |
|
Action of Selected Heavy Metal Ions on Plants |
|
|
645 | (7) |
|
Conclusions and Perspectives |
|
|
652 | (11) |
|
|
652 | (1) |
|
|
652 | (11) |
|
Water and Solute Transport in Cyanobacteria as Probed by Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
|
|
663 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
663 | (1) |
|
|
664 | (1) |
|
Light-induced and Osmotically-induced Changes of Chlorophyll a Fluorescence in Cyanobacteria |
|
|
664 | (5) |
|
|
669 | (5) |
|
Do Osmotically-induced Changes in Chlorophyll a Fluorescence and State Transitions Share a Common Mechanism in Cyanobacteria? |
|
|
674 | (1) |
|
|
675 | (4) |
|
|
675 | (1) |
|
|
675 | (4) |
|
Assembly of Light-Harvesting Complexes of Photosystem II and the Role of Chlorophyll b |
|
|
679 | (34) |
|
|
Joan H. Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou |
|
|
|
680 | (1) |
|
|
680 | (3) |
|
Biological Context for Considering LHC II Assembly |
|
|
683 | (7) |
|
The Role of Chlorophyll (Chl) b |
|
|
690 | (8) |
|
Identification of Chls within Native and Reconstituted LHC II |
|
|
698 | (15) |
|
|
703 | (1) |
|
|
704 | (1) |
|
|
704 | (9) |
|
Light Adaptation and Senescence of the Photosynthetic Apparatus. Changes in Pigment Composition, Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Photosynthetic Activity |
|
|
713 | (24) |
|
|
|
|
713 | (1) |
|
Introduction: Occurrence and Function of Photosynthetic Pigments |
|
|
714 | (2) |
|
Light Adaptation of Pigment Composition and Chloroplast Function |
|
|
716 | (5) |
|
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters as Indicators of Photosynthetic Function |
|
|
721 | (3) |
|
Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Pigment Changes During Autumnal Senescence |
|
|
724 | (6) |
|
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging of Photosynthetic Activity |
|
|
730 | (3) |
|
|
733 | (4) |
|
|
733 | (1) |
|
|
734 | (3) |
|
From Leaves to Ecosystems: Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence to Assess Photosynthesis and Plant Function in Ecological Studies |
|
|
737 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
737 | (1) |
|
The Role of Photosynthesis in Ecological Research |
|
|
738 | (1) |
|
Definition and Explanation of Fluorescence Parameters |
|
|
739 | (2) |
|
Detecting Stress in Plants at the Leaf and Whole Plant Level |
|
|
741 | (6) |
|
Measuring Productivity at the Ecosystem Level |
|
|
747 | (3) |
|
Scaling from the Bottom Up --- The Role of Species Composition in Ecosystem Dynamics |
|
|
750 | (2) |
|
|
752 | (5) |
|
|
752 | (1) |
|
|
752 | (5) |
|
Development and Application of Variable Chlorophyll Fluorescence Techniques in Marine Ecosystems |
|
|
757 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
757 | (1) |
|
|
758 | (4) |
|
Fluorescence-based Estimation of Photosynthetic Electron Transport |
|
|
762 | (2) |
|
The Functional Absorption Cross Section of Photosystem (PS) II |
|
|
764 | (2) |
|
Measuring Variable Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Marine Environment |
|
|
766 | (2) |
|
Variations in the Maximum Quantum Yield of Fluorescence in Marine Environments |
|
|
768 | (3) |
|
Fluorescence-based Estimates of Primary Production |
|
|
771 | (2) |
|
Applications of Variable Fluorescence in Benthic Ecosystems |
|
|
773 | (1) |
|
Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophs |
|
|
774 | (2) |
|
|
776 | (3) |
|
|
776 | (1) |
|
|
776 | (3) |
|
Plant Productivity of Inland Waters |
|
|
779 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
780 | (1) |
|
|
780 | (1) |
|
|
781 | (4) |
|
|
785 | (2) |
|
Primary Production and Biomass |
|
|
787 | (4) |
|
Conclusions and Future Prospects |
|
|
791 | (4) |
|
|
791 | (1) |
|
|
791 | (4) |
Index |
|
795 | |