Crisis Negotiations : Managing Critical Incidents and Hostage Situations in Law Enforcement and Corrections,9781583605134

Crisis Negotiations : Managing Critical Incidents and Hostage Situations in Law Enforcement and Corrections

by ;
Edition: 2nd
ISBN13: 9781583605134
ISBN10: 1583605134
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2001-02-01
Publisher(s): Taylor & Francis
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Table of Contents

Introduction xiii
Hostage Negotiation: Development and Definitions
1(46)
Learning Objectives
1(1)
Munich---1972
2(2)
The Williamsburg Incident
4(1)
FBI Hostage Negotiations Program
5(3)
Hostage Barricade Database System (HOBAS)
5(3)
History
8(5)
Barbary Coast
9(1)
Harper's Ferry
10(1)
Santo Tomas University
11(2)
Development of Negotiations in Police Work---The Context
13(28)
1970s
14(2)
Downs v. United States: The Legal Foundation---1971
16(1)
Sveriges Kredit Bank, Stockholm: Impact on the Hostages---1973
17(1)
The South Moluccans: Success After the First Loss---1975
18(1)
The Hanafi Muslim Incident: The Role and Impact of the Media---1977
19(1)
1980s
20(1)
Rochester, New York: Suicide by Cop---1981
20(2)
The Anatomy of a Siege: Post Traumatic Stress---1981
22(1)
The Oakdale and Atlanta Prison Sieges: Application to Corrections---1987
22(1)
1990s
23(1)
Talladega: Dealing with ``Non-Negotiable'' Incidents---1991
23(1)
Ruby Ridge: Third-Party Intermediaries---1992
24(1)
Branch Davidians-Waco: Coordinating Response---1993
25(1)
Lucasville Prison Riot: Raising Awareness in Corrections---1993
26(1)
The Freemen Standoff: Pre-Incident Planning, TPSs, and Coordinated Action---1996
26(2)
Columbine High School: Need for Violence Prevention---1999
28(1)
Sidebar: William Hogewood
28(2)
Definitions
30(1)
Hostage
30(2)
Negotiate
32(3)
A Hostage Incident
35(1)
From Hostage Negotiation to Crisis Intervention
36(5)
Summary
41(1)
References
42(4)
Discussion Questions
46(1)
Negotiation: Bargaining and Crisis Intervention
47(56)
Learning Objectives
47(2)
Hostage versus Non-hostage Incidents
49(1)
Characteristics of a Negotiable Incident
49(4)
Types of Sieges
53(1)
Deliberate Sieges
53(1)
Spontaneous Sieges
53(1)
Anticipated Sieges
53(1)
Decisionmaking: The Action Criteria
54(1)
Options Open to the Police
55(1)
Bargaining Principles
56(10)
Getting to Yes
58(1)
Position Bargaining
58(1)
Separating the People from the Problem
59(3)
Focus on Interests, Not Positions
62(1)
How to Identify Interests
63(1)
Invent Options for Mutual Gain
64(2)
Sidebar: Sergent Gene Pettit and Deborah Lash Bower
66(1)
Crisis Intervention
67(13)
Stages of a Crisis Incident
68(1)
Pre-Crisis Stage
69(2)
Crisis Stage
71(3)
Accommodation/Negotiation Stage
74(1)
Resolution Stage
75(1)
Factors Affecting the Duration of a Crisis
76(1)
Crisis Intervention Principles
77(1)
Characteristics of Crisis Intervention
77(3)
Model of Intervention in a Crisis
80(2)
Goals in a Crisis: National Organization of Victims' Assistance
82(1)
Skills in Crisis Management
83(16)
Intervention During the Crisis Stage
84(8)
Intervention During the Accommodation/Negotiation Stage
92(1)
Intervention During the Resolution Stage
93(6)
Summary
99(1)
References
99(2)
Discussion Questions
101(2)
Demands and the Effects of Time
103(36)
Learning Objectives
103(1)
Demands in Hostage Situations
104(17)
Nature of Demands
106(3)
Motivation Theories
109(3)
Negotiable Demands
112(5)
Non-Negotiable Demands
117(2)
Handling Demands
119(2)
Sidebar: Detective Joseph F. Jimenez
121(4)
Summary
124(1)
The Effects of Time on Negotiations
125(9)
Positive Effects of Time
127(7)
Negative Effects of Time
134(1)
Summary
134(1)
References
135(2)
Discussion Questions
137(2)
Stress and Stress Management
139(26)
Learning Objectives
139(1)
Definitions of Stress
140(2)
Transactional Model for Negotiators
142(4)
Demands
142(1)
Perception of Abilities
143(2)
Coping and ``Feed Forward''
145(1)
Feedback
146(1)
Yerkes-Dodson Law
146(2)
Effects of Stress
148(1)
Stress in the Hostage Situation
149(1)
Stress on the Hostage Taker
149(1)
Sidebar: London ``Max'' Howard
150(7)
Stress on the Hostages
152(2)
Stress on the Negotiator
154(3)
Stress Management
157(4)
Summary
161(1)
References
162(1)
Discussion Questions
163(2)
The Stockholm Syndrome
165(20)
Learning Objectives
165(1)
Historical Review and Perspective
166(1)
Formation of the Stockholm Syndrome
167(3)
Sidebar: Sergeant Scott Pauley
170(4)
Promoting the Stockholm Syndrome
174(1)
How to Determine When the Stockholm Syndrome is Not Developing
175(1)
Defense Mechanisms and Coping
176(4)
Survivors and Succumbers
179(1)
Summary
180(1)
References
180(2)
Discussion Questions
182(3)
Communication in Hostage Negotiations
185(44)
Learning Objectives
185(1)
Principles of Basic Communication
186(6)
Principles of Effective Communication
187(2)
Components of the Communication Process
189(1)
Barriers to Effective Communication
189(3)
Crisis Communication
192(5)
Basic Patrol Officer Communications
193(1)
Verbal Tactics in Crisis Communication
194(3)
Getting Past No
197(7)
Go to the Balcony
198(1)
Step to their Side
199(1)
Change the Game
200(1)
Build a ``Golden Bridge''
201(1)
Make it Hard to Say No
202(2)
Advanced Communication Topics for the Negotiator
204(2)
Influence and Compliance
204(1)
Perceptual Contrast Principle
205(1)
Sidebar: Inspector William Kidd
206(12)
Rule of Reciprocity
207(1)
Consistency
208(2)
Social Proofs
210(1)
Liking
211(1)
Scarcity Principle
212(1)
Behavioral Theories of Persuasion
213(2)
Suggestion Techniques
215(3)
Active Listening
218(5)
Active Listening: Four Types
221(2)
Summary
223(1)
References
223(2)
Discussion Questions
225(4)
Negotiating with Emotionally Disturbed Individuals: Recognition and Guidelines
229(62)
Learning Objectives
229(2)
Ego States
231(8)
The Parent Ego State
232(1)
The Adult Ego State
233(1)
The Child Ego State
234(1)
Ego States and Problem Solving
235(1)
Ego States and Communications
236(3)
General Guidelines for Dealing with Emotionally Disturbed People
239(1)
Emotionally Disturbed People and Negotiations
240(1)
Domestic Violence
241(1)
Defining the Problem Versus Diagnosing the Person
242(1)
Sidebar: Dr. Michael Gelles
243(2)
Depression
245(8)
Adjustment Disorder with a Depressive Mood
246(1)
Mood Disorder
247(1)
Managing Depressed Individuals
247(4)
Intervening with the Depressed Individual
251(2)
Suicidal Persons
253(11)
Managing Suicidal Individuals
254(1)
Estimating Suicide Potential
255(3)
Intervention
258(3)
Suicide by Cop: Victim-Precipitated Suicide
261(3)
Paranoia
264(8)
Paranoid Schizophrenia
266(1)
Managing Paranoia
267(5)
Borderline Personalities
272(3)
Managing Borderlines
273(2)
Inadequate/Dependent Persons
275(4)
Inadequate Personalities
275(1)
Dependent Personalities
276(1)
Managing Inadequate/Dependent Individuals
276(3)
Antisocial (Rebellious/Angry) Persons
279(6)
Managing Antisocial Individuals
282(3)
Compulsive/Perfectionistic Personalities
285(1)
Substance Dependence/Abuse
286(2)
Alcohol Dependence and Abuse
287(1)
Summary
288(1)
References
288(2)
Discussion Questions
290(1)
Team Structures, Roles, and Command
291(44)
Learning Objectives
291(1)
Definition of Team
292(3)
Crisis Management Team
295(1)
The Crisis Response Team
296(1)
Command Post
297(1)
Field Commander
298(3)
Tactical Supervisor
301(2)
Negotiator Supervisor
303(2)
Public Information Officer
305(1)
Sidebar: Lieutenant Tom Monahan
306(3)
Special Needs of the Media
308(1)
Tactical Team
309(1)
Communications within the Crisis Response Team
309(1)
Sidebar: Lieutenant Michael Albanese and Dr. Kris Mohandie
310(3)
Establishing the Negotiation Area
313(18)
The Negotiating Team
314(4)
Selection of Negotiators
318(3)
Mental Health Consultant
321(3)
Selection and Training of a MHC
324(5)
MHC Training: Wilford Hall Seminar
329(2)
Summary
331(1)
References
332(1)
Discussion Questions
333(2)
Intelligence and Intelligence Gathering
335(30)
Learning Objectives
335(2)
Definition of Intelligence
337(1)
Process of Intelligence Management
337(1)
Intelligence Gathering
338(5)
Pre-Crisis Phase
338(2)
At the Scene: The Chaos Phase
340(2)
Stabilization Phase
342(1)
Post-Incident Phase
342(1)
Intelligence Sources
343(1)
Types of Intelligence Information
344(4)
Risk of Aggression
348(4)
Interviewing Intelligence Sources
352(2)
Sidebar: Dr. James Herndon
354(5)
Assessing the Credibility of the Source
359(3)
Summary
362(1)
References
363(1)
Discussion Questions
364(1)
Hostage Negotiations in Prisons and Correctional Facilities
365(28)
Learning Objectives
365(3)
Negotiations Specific to the Prison Situation
368(2)
Situational Dynamics in the Prison Situation
370(1)
Sidebar: Warden Joe S. Fernald
371(6)
The Prison Negotiating Team
377(3)
Aggression Among Inmates
380(8)
Veterans in Prison
384(1)
Inmate Cultural Trends
385(3)
Summary
388(1)
References
388(2)
Discussion Questions
390(3)
Workplace and School Violence Issues for Negotiators
393(24)
Learning Objectives
393(2)
Workplace Violence
395(3)
Scope and Extent of the Problem
395(2)
Organizational Assessment and Prevention
397(1)
Sidebar: James T. Turner
398(9)
Perpetrators of Workplace Violence
400(2)
Negotiating with Intimates at the Workplace
402(1)
Company Personnel as Negotiators
403(4)
School Violence Issues
407(5)
Pre-Incident Issues
409(2)
During an Incident
411(1)
Post-Incident Issues
411(1)
Summary
412(1)
References
413(1)
Discussion Questions
414(3)
Hostage Negotiating Equipment
417(20)
Learning Objectives
417(2)
Necessary Equipment
419(7)
Situation Boards
425(1)
Optional Equipment
426(4)
Obtaining Equipment
430(1)
Sidebar: Lieutenant Rex Rheiner
431(2)
Summary
433(1)
References
434(1)
Discussion Questions
434(3)
Overview of the Tactical Team and Operations and Outside Agency Support
437(28)
Learning Objectives
437(1)
The Tactical Team
438(4)
Selection of Tactical Team Members
440(1)
Tactical Team Structure
441(1)
Sidebar: Commander James R. Barren
442(16)
Intelligence Needs
447(3)
Situation Security
450(3)
Assault Operations
453(1)
Sniper Operations
454(2)
Special Issues
456(2)
Outside Agency Support
458(2)
Summary
460(1)
References
460(2)
Discussion Questions
462(3)
Post-Incident Debriefing
465(26)
Learning Objectives
465(2)
Operational Debriefing of Hostage Incidents
467(3)
Critical Decision Debriefing: A Methodology for Debriefing Crisis Intervention
470(4)
Emotional Debriefing
474(4)
Emotional Impact on the Negotiator
478(1)
Debriefing Negotiators
478(2)
Stages of a Trauma
480(1)
Goals of Debriefing
480(1)
Debriefing the Impact
481(1)
Sidebar: Detective Lieutenant Richard K. Mueller and Detective Lieutenant Dennis J. Caine
481(4)
Post-Traumatic Stress and Hostages
485(3)
Summary
488(1)
References
488(2)
Discussion Questions
490(1)
Index 491

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