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part 1 Principles of developmental biology |
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Developmental biology: The anatomical tradition |
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3 | (22) |
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The Questions of Developmental Biology |
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4 | (1) |
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Approaches to Developmental Biology |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (9) |
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5 | (1) |
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Epigenesis and preformation |
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6 | (2) |
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Naming the parts: The primary germ layers and early organs |
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8 | (1) |
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The four principles of Karl Ernst von Baer |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (3) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (2) |
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15 | (1) |
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Medical Embryology and Teratology |
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16 | (2) |
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Mathematical Modeling of Development |
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18 | (7) |
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The mathematics of organismal growth |
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18 | (1) |
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The mathematics of patterning |
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19 | (6) |
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Life cycles and the evolution of developmental patterns |
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25 | (26) |
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The Circle of Life: The Stages of Animal Development |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (4) |
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The Evolution of Developmental Patterns in Unicellular Protists |
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30 | (3) |
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Control of developmental morphogenesis: The role of the nucleus |
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30 | (2) |
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Unicellular protists and the origins of sexual reproduction |
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32 | (1) |
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Multicellularity: The Evolution of Differentiation |
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33 | (11) |
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34 | (2) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Sex and Individuality in Volvox |
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36 | (3) |
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Differentiation and morphogenesis in Dictyostelium: Cell adhesion |
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39 | (3) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Rules of Evidence I |
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42 | (1) |
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Differentiation in Dictyostelium |
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43 | (1) |
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Developmental Patterns among the Metazoa |
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44 | (7) |
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46 | (1) |
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Protostomes and deuterostomes |
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46 | (5) |
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Principles of experimental embryology |
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51 | (30) |
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Environmental Developmental Biology |
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51 | (5) |
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Environmental sex determination |
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52 | (1) |
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Adaptation of embryos and larvae to their environments |
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52 | (4) |
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The Developmental Dynamics of Cell Specification |
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56 | (13) |
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56 | (2) |
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Conditional specification |
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58 | (9) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Rules of Evidence II |
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67 | (1) |
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Stem cells and commitment |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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Morphogenesis and Cell Adhesion |
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69 | (12) |
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Differential cell affinity |
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70 | (1) |
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The thermodynamic model of cell interactions |
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71 | (3) |
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Cadherins and cell adhesion |
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74 | (7) |
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The genetic core of development |
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81 | (26) |
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The Embryological Origins of the Gene Theory |
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81 | (4) |
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Nucleus or cytoplasm: Which controls heredity? |
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81 | (2) |
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The split between embryology and genetics |
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83 | (1) |
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Early attempts at developmental genetics |
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84 | (1) |
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Evidence for Genomic Equivalence |
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85 | (7) |
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Amphibian cloning: The restriction of nuclear potency |
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85 | (1) |
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Amphibian cloning: The totipotency of somatic cells |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (2) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Why Clone Mammals? |
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89 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: The Exception to the Rule: Immunoglobulin Genes |
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90 | (2) |
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Differential Gene Expression |
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92 | (1) |
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RNA Localization Techniques |
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93 | (5) |
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93 | (1) |
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Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction |
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93 | (3) |
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Microarrays and macroarrays |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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Determining the Function of Genes During Development |
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98 | (6) |
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Transgenic cells and organisms |
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98 | (3) |
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Determining the function of a message: Antisense RNA |
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101 | (3) |
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104 | (3) |
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The paradigm of differential gene expression |
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107 | (36) |
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Differential Gene Transcription |
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107 | (14) |
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Anatomy of the gene: Exons and introns |
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107 | (4) |
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Anatomy of the gene: Promoters and enhancers |
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111 | (3) |
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114 | (3) |
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Transcription factor cascades |
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117 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Studying DNA Regulatory Elements |
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118 | (2) |
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120 | (1) |
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Methylation Pattern and the Control of Transcription |
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121 | (6) |
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DNA methylation and gene activity |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Genomic Imprinting |
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123 | (1) |
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Transcriptional regulation of an entire chromosome: Dosage compensation |
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124 | (2) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: The Mechanisms of X Chromosome Inactivation |
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126 | (1) |
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Differential RNA Processing |
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127 | (5) |
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Control of early development by nuclear RNA selection |
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128 | (1) |
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Creating families of proteins through differential nRNA splicing |
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129 | (2) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Differential nRNA Processing and Drosophila Sex Determination |
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131 | (1) |
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Control of Gene Expression at the Level of Translation |
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132 | (11) |
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Differential mRNA longevity |
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132 | (1) |
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Selective inhibition of mRNA translation |
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132 | (2) |
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Control of RNA expression by cytoplasmic localization |
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134 | (1) |
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Posttranslational regulation of gene expression |
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135 | (8) |
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Cell-cell communication in development |
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143 | (40) |
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143 | (6) |
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Cascades of induction: Reciprocal and sequential inductive events |
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145 | (1) |
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Instructive and permissive interactions |
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145 | (2) |
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Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions |
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147 | (2) |
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149 | (5) |
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The fibroblast growth factors |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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Cell Surface Receptors and Their Signal Transduction Pathways |
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154 | (10) |
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The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathway |
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154 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: The RTK Pathway and Cell-to-Cell Induction |
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155 | (4) |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (2) |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (3) |
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164 | (2) |
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166 | (6) |
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The Notch pathway: Juxtaposed ligands and receptors |
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166 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Cell-Cell Interactions and Chance in the Determination of Cell Types |
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167 | (1) |
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The extracellular matrix as a source of critical developmental signals |
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168 | (3) |
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Direct transmission of signals through gap junctions |
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171 | (1) |
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Cross-Talk between Pathways |
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172 | (1) |
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Maintenance of the Differentiated State |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (9) |
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part 2 Early embryonic development |
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Fertilization: Beginning a new organism |
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183 | (38) |
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183 | (6) |
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183 | (3) |
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186 | (3) |
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Recognition of Egg and Sperm |
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189 | (8) |
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Sperm attraction: Action at a distance |
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189 | (2) |
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The acrosome reaction in sea urchins |
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191 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Action at a Distance: Mammalian Gametes |
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192 | (2) |
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Species-specific recognition in sea urchins |
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194 | (1) |
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Gamete binding and recognition in mammals |
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195 | (2) |
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Gamete Fusion and the Prevention of Polyspermy |
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197 | (6) |
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Fusion of the egg and sperm cell membranes |
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197 | (1) |
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The prevention of polyspermy |
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198 | (5) |
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The Activation of Egg Metabolism |
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203 | (6) |
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204 | (2) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: The Activation of Gamete Metabolism |
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206 | (2) |
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208 | (1) |
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Fusion of the Genetic Material |
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209 | (1) |
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Fusion of genetic material in sea urchins |
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209 | (1) |
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Fusion of genetic material in mammals |
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209 | (1) |
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Rearrangement of the Egg Cytoplasm |
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210 | (11) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: The Nonequivalence of Mammalian Pronuclei |
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212 | (9) |
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Early development in selected invertebrates |
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221 | (42) |
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An Introduction To Early Developmental Processes |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (5) |
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From fertilization to cleavage |
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222 | (1) |
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The cytoskeletal mechanisms of mitosis |
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223 | (1) |
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Patterns of embryonic cleavage |
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224 | (2) |
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Specification of cell fates during cleavage |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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Cell Specification and Axis Formation |
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226 | (1) |
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The Early Development Of Sea Urchins |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (6) |
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227 | (1) |
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Fate maps and the determination of sea urchin blastomeres |
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228 | (5) |
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233 | (6) |
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Ingression of primary mesenchyme |
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233 | (3) |
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First stage of archenteron invagination |
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236 | (1) |
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Second and third stages of archenteron invagination |
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237 | (2) |
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The Early Development Of Snails |
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239 | (1) |
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Cleavage in Snail Embryos |
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239 | (6) |
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Fate map of Ilyanassa obsoleta |
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241 | (1) |
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The polar lobe: Cell determination and axis formation |
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242 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Adaptation by Modifying Embryonic Cleavage |
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242 | (3) |
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245 | (1) |
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Early Development In Tunicates |
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246 | (1) |
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246 | (4) |
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246 | (1) |
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Autonomous and conditional specification of tunicate blastomeres |
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247 | (2) |
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Specification of the embryonic axes |
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249 | (1) |
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Gastrulation in Tunicates |
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250 | (1) |
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Early Development Of The Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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Cleavage and Axis Formation in C. elegans |
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251 | (6) |
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Rotational cleavage of the C. elegans egg |
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251 | (2) |
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Anterior-posterior axis formation |
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253 | (1) |
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Formation of the dorsal-ventral and right-left axes |
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253 | (1) |
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Control of blastomere identity |
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254 | (3) |
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Integration of autonomous and conditional specification: The differentiation of the C. elegans pharynx |
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257 | (1) |
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Gastrulation in C. elegans |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (5) |
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The genetics of axis specification in Drosophila |
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263 | (42) |
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Early Drosophila Development |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (2) |
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The mid-blastula transition |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (2) |
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The Origins Of Anterior-Posterior Polarity |
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268 | (2) |
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The Maternal Effect Genes |
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270 | (8) |
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Embryological evidence of polarity regulation by oocyte cytoplasm |
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270 | (1) |
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The molecular model: Protein gradients in the early embryo |
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270 | (3) |
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The anterior organizing center: The Bicoid gradient |
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273 | (3) |
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The posterior organizing center: Localizing and activating nanos |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (7) |
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279 | (2) |
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281 | (2) |
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The segment polarity genes |
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283 | (2) |
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The Homeotic Selector Genes |
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285 | (5) |
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Patterns of homeotic gene expression |
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285 | (1) |
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Initiating the patterns of homeotic gene expression |
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286 | (2) |
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Maintaining the patterns of homeotic gene expression |
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288 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: The Homeodomain Proteins |
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289 | (1) |
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The Generation Of Dorsal-Ventral Polarity |
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290 | (1) |
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Dorsal: The Morphogenetic Agent for Dorsal-Ventral Polarity |
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291 | (6) |
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Translocation of Dorsal to the nucleus |
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291 | (2) |
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293 | (1) |
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Establishing the dorsal patterning gradient |
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294 | (3) |
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Axes and Organ Primordia: The Cartesian Coordinate Model |
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297 | (1) |
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297 | (8) |
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Early development and axis formation in amphibians |
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305 | (40) |
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Early Amphibian Development |
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305 | (1) |
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305 | (2) |
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307 | (10) |
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308 | (1) |
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Cell movements during amphibian gastrulation |
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309 | (1) |
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The mid-blastula transition: Preparing for gastrulation |
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310 | (1) |
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Positioning the blastopore |
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311 | (1) |
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Invagination and involution |
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312 | (1) |
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The convergent extension of the dorsal mesoderm |
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313 | (2) |
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Migration of the involuting mesoderm |
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315 | (1) |
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315 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Fibronectin and the Pathways for Mesodermal Migration |
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316 | (1) |
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Axis Formation In Amphibians: The Phenomenon Of The Organizer |
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317 | (1) |
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The Progressive Determination of the Amphibian Axes |
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317 | (3) |
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Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold: Primary Embryonic Induction |
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320 | (1) |
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Mechanisms of Axis Determination in Amphibians |
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321 | (4) |
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The origin of the Nieuwkoop center |
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321 | (1) |
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The molecular biology of the Nieuwkoop center |
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322 | (3) |
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The Functions of the Organizer |
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325 | (9) |
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The diffusible proteins of the organizer I: The BMP inhibitors |
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327 | (3) |
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The diffusible proteins of the organizer II: The Wnt inhibitors |
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330 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: BMP4 and Geoffroy's Lobster |
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330 | (2) |
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Conversion of the ectoderm into neural plate cells |
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332 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Competence, Bias, and Neurulation |
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333 | (1) |
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The Regional Specificity of Induction |
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334 | (3) |
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The determination of regional differences |
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334 | (1) |
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The posterior transforming proteins: Wnt signals and retinoic acid |
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334 | (2) |
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The anterior transforming proteins: Insulin-like growth factors |
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336 | (1) |
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Specifying the Left-Right Axis |
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337 | (8) |
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The early development of vertebrates: Fish, birds, and mammals |
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345 | (44) |
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Early Development In Fish |
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345 | (2) |
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347 | (2) |
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Gastrulation in Fish Embryos |
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349 | (2) |
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The formation of germ layers |
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349 | (2) |
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Axis Formation in Fish Embryos |
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351 | (3) |
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Dorsal-ventral axis formation: The embryonic shield |
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351 | (1) |
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The fish Nieuwkoop center |
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352 | (1) |
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Anterior-posterior patterning |
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353 | (1) |
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Early Development In Birds |
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354 | (1) |
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354 | (2) |
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Gastrulation of the Avian Embryo |
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356 | (4) |
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356 | (1) |
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356 | (2) |
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358 | (2) |
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Axis Formation in the Chick Embryo |
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360 | (3) |
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The role of pH in forming the dorsal-ventral axis |
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360 | (1) |
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The role of gravity in forming the anterior-posterior axis |
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360 | (3) |
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Left-Right Axis Formation |
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363 | (1) |
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Early Mammalian Development |
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363 | (1) |
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363 | (5) |
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The unique nature of mammalian cleavage |
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364 | (2) |
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366 | (2) |
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Escape from the zona pellucida |
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368 | (1) |
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368 | (7) |
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Modifications for development within another organism |
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368 | (2) |
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Formation of extraembryonic membranes |
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370 | (3) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Twins and Embryonic Stem Cells |
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373 | (2) |
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Mammalian Anterior-Posterior Axis Formation |
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375 | (5) |
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375 | (2) |
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Patterning the anterior-posterior axis: The Hox code hypothesis |
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377 | (1) |
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Expression of Hox genes along the dorsal axis |
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377 | (1) |
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Experimental analysis of the Hox code |
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377 | (3) |
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The Dorsal-Ventral and Right-Left Axes in Mice |
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380 | (9) |
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380 | (1) |
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381 | (8) |
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part 3 Later embryonic development |
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The emergence of the ectoderm: The central nervous system and the epidermis |
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389 | (38) |
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Establishing the Neural Cells |
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391 | (2) |
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Formation of the Neural Tube |
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393 | (5) |
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393 | (5) |
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398 | (1) |
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Differentiation of the Neural Tube |
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398 | (4) |
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The anterior-posterior axis |
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398 | (3) |
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401 | (1) |
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Tissue Architecture of the Central Nervous System |
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402 | (8) |
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Spinal cord and medulla organization |
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403 | (1) |
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404 | (1) |
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405 | (3) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: The Unique Development of the Human Brain |
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408 | (1) |
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409 | (1) |
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Differentiation of Neurons |
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410 | (3) |
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Development of the Vertebrate Eye |
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413 | (3) |
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The dynamics of optic development |
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413 | (1) |
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Neural retina differentiation |
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414 | (1) |
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Lens and cornea differentiation |
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414 | (2) |
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The Epidermis and the Origin of Cutaneous Structures |
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416 | (11) |
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The origin of epidermal cells |
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416 | (2) |
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418 | (1) |
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Developmental genetics of hair formation |
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419 | (8) |
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Neural crest cells and axonal specificity |
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427 | (38) |
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427 | (1) |
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Specification and Regionalization of the Neural Crest |
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427 | (2) |
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429 | (5) |
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Migration pathways of trunk neural crest cells |
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429 | (2) |
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The mechanisms of trunk neural crest migration |
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431 | (1) |
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Trunk neural crest cell differentiation |
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432 | (2) |
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434 | (7) |
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Cranial neural crest cell migration and specification: The first wave |
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436 | (1) |
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Intramembranous ossification |
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437 | (1) |
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Innervation of the placodes: The second wave of cranial neural crest migration |
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438 | (1) |
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Sidelights & Speculations: Tooth Development |
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439 | (2) |
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441 | (1) |
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Neuronal Specification And Axonal Specificity |
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442 | (1) |
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The Generation of Neuronal Diversity |
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442 | (2) |
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Pattern Generation in the Nervous System |
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444 | (13) |
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Cell adhesion and contact guidance by attractive and permissive molecules |
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445 | (1) |
|
Guidance by specific growth cone repulsion |
|
|
445 | (1) |
|
Guidance by diffusible molecules |
|
|
446 | (4) |
|
|
|
450 | (1) |
|
Forming the synapse: Activity-dependent development |
|
|
451 | (1) |
|
Differential survival after innervation: Neurotrophic factors |
|
|
451 | (2) |
|
Paths to glory: Migration of the retinal ganglion axons |
|
|
453 | (4) |
|
The Development of Behaviors: Constancy and Plasticity |
|
|
457 | (8) |
|
Paraxial and intermediate mesoderm |
|
|
465 | (26) |
|
Paraxial Mesoderm: The Somites And Their Derivatives |
|
|
466 | (1) |
|
|
|
467 | (6) |
|
The periodicity of somite formation |
|
|
467 | (1) |
|
The separation of somites from the unsegmented mesoderm |
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
The epithelialization of the somite |
|
|
469 | (2) |
|
Specification of the somite along the anterior-posterior axis |
|
|
471 | (1) |
|
The derivatives of the somite |
|
|
471 | (1) |
|
Determination of the sclerotome and dermatome |
|
|
472 | (1) |
|
Determination of the myotome |
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
Myogenesis: The Development of Muscle |
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
Specification and differentiation by the myogenic bHLH proteins |
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
|
|
474 | (1) |
|
Osteogenesis: The Development of Bones |
|
|
474 | (3) |
|
Endochondral ossification |
|
|
475 | (2) |
|
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
Intermediate Mesoderm: The Urogenital System |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
The Specification of the Intermediate Mesoderm |
|
|
478 | (1) |
|
Progression of Kidney Types |
|
|
479 | (1) |
|
Reciprocal Interactions of Developing Kidney Tissues |
|
|
480 | (11) |
|
The mechanisms of reciprocal induction |
|
|
481 | (10) |
|
Lateral plate mesoderm and endoderm |
|
|
491 | (32) |
|
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
|
|
492 | (8) |
|
Specification of heart tissue and fusion of heart rudiments |
|
|
492 | (6) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Redirecting Blood Flow in the Newborn Mammal |
|
|
498 | (2) |
|
Formation of Blood Vessels |
|
|
500 | (4) |
|
Constraints on the construction of blood vessels |
|
|
500 | (1) |
|
Vasculogenesis: The initial formation of blood vessels |
|
|
501 | (2) |
|
Angiogenesis: Sprouting of blood vessels and remodeling of vascular beds |
|
|
503 | (1) |
|
Mechanisms of Arterial and Venous Differentiation |
|
|
504 | (1) |
|
The Development of Blood Cells |
|
|
505 | (5) |
|
|
|
505 | (1) |
|
|
|
506 | (3) |
|
Committed stem cells and their fates |
|
|
509 | (1) |
|
Hematopoietic inductive microenvironments |
|
|
509 | (1) |
|
|
|
510 | (1) |
|
|
|
511 | (1) |
|
The Digestive Tube and Its Derivatives |
|
|
511 | (4) |
|
Specification of the gut tissue |
|
|
512 | (1) |
|
Liver, pancreas, and gallbladder |
|
|
512 | (1) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Blood and Guts: The Specification of Liver and Pancreas |
|
|
513 | (2) |
|
|
|
515 | (2) |
|
The Extraembryonic Membranes |
|
|
517 | (6) |
|
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
The allantois and yolk sac |
|
|
517 | (6) |
|
Development of the tetrapod limb |
|
|
523 | (24) |
|
Formation of the Limb Bud |
|
|
524 | (5) |
|
Specification of the limb fields: Hox genes and retinoic acid |
|
|
524 | (1) |
|
Induction of the early limb bud: Wnt proteins and fibroblast growth factors |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
Specification of forelimb or hindlimb: Tbx4 and Tbx5 |
|
|
526 | (3) |
|
Generating the Proximal-Distal Axis of the Limb |
|
|
529 | (5) |
|
The apical ectodermal ridge |
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
FGFs in the induction and maintenance of the AER |
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
Specifying the limb mesoderm: Determining the proximal-distal polarity of the limb |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
Hox genes, meis genes, and the specification of the proximal-distal axis |
|
|
532 | (2) |
|
Specification of the Anterior-Posterior Limb Axis |
|
|
534 | (3) |
|
The zone of polarizing activity |
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
Sonic hedgehog defines the ZPA |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
Specifying digit identity through cell interactions initiated by Sonic hedgehog |
|
|
536 | (1) |
|
Generation of the Dorsal-Ventral Axis |
|
|
537 | (1) |
|
Coordinating the Three Axes |
|
|
537 | (1) |
|
Cell Death and the Formation of Digits and Joints |
|
|
538 | (2) |
|
|
|
538 | (1) |
|
|
|
539 | (1) |
|
Continued Limb Growth: Epiphyseal Plates |
|
|
540 | (7) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Control of Cartilage Maturation at the Growth Plate |
|
|
541 | (6) |
|
|
|
547 | (28) |
|
Chromosomal Sex Determination In Mammals |
|
|
548 | (1) |
|
Primary and Secondary Sex Determination in Mammals |
|
|
548 | (1) |
|
|
|
549 | (2) |
|
The Mechanisms of Mammalian Primary Sex Determination |
|
|
551 | (5) |
|
SRY: The Y chromosome sex determinant |
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
SOX9: An autosomal testis-determining gene |
|
|
552 | (1) |
|
Fibroblast growth factor 9 |
|
|
553 | (1) |
|
SF1: The link between SRY and the male developmental pathways |
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
DAX1: A potential testis-suppressing gene on the X chromosome |
|
|
554 | (2) |
|
WNT4: A potential ovary-determining gene on an autosome |
|
|
556 | (1) |
|
Secondary Sex Determination: Hormonal Regulation of the Sexual Phenotype |
|
|
556 | (5) |
|
Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone |
|
|
557 | (1) |
|
Anti-Mullerian duct hormone |
|
|
558 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Sex Determination and Behaviors |
|
|
559 | (2) |
|
Chromosomal Sex Determination In Drosophila |
|
|
561 | (1) |
|
The Sexual Development Pathway |
|
|
561 | (1) |
|
Mechanisms of Sex Determination |
|
|
562 | (5) |
|
The sex-lethal gene as the pivot for sex determination |
|
|
562 | (1) |
|
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
Doublesex: The switch gene of sex determination |
|
|
564 | (3) |
|
Environmental Sex Determination |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Reptiles |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
Aromatase and the production of estrogens |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
Sex reversal, aromatase, and conservation biology |
|
|
568 | (1) |
|
Location-Dependent Sex Determination in Bonellia and Crepidula |
|
|
568 | (7) |
|
Metamorphosis regeneration, and aging |
|
|
575 | (38) |
|
Metamorphosis: The Hormonal Reactivation of Development |
|
|
575 | (1) |
|
|
|
576 | (7) |
|
Morphological changes associated with metamorphosis |
|
|
576 | (1) |
|
Biochemical changes associated with metamorphosis |
|
|
577 | (1) |
|
Hormonal control of amphibian metamorphosis |
|
|
578 | (2) |
|
Regionally specific developmental programs |
|
|
580 | (1) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Variations on the Theme of Amphibian Metamorphosis |
|
|
581 | (2) |
|
|
|
583 | (9) |
|
Types of insect metamorphosis |
|
|
583 | (1) |
|
|
|
584 | (3) |
|
Determination of the wing imaginal discs |
|
|
587 | (1) |
|
Hormonal control of insect metamorphosis |
|
|
588 | (2) |
|
The molecular biology of 20-hydroxyecdysone activity |
|
|
590 | (2) |
|
|
|
592 | (1) |
|
Epimorphic Regeneration of Salamander Limbs |
|
|
592 | (5) |
|
Formation of the apical ectodermal cap and regeneration blastema |
|
|
593 | (1) |
|
Proliferation of the blastema cells: The requirement for nerves |
|
|
594 | (1) |
|
Proliferation of the blastema cells: The requirement for FGF10 |
|
|
595 | (1) |
|
Pattern formation in the regeneration blastema |
|
|
595 | (2) |
|
Morphallactic Regeneration in Hydra |
|
|
597 | (4) |
|
The head activation gradient |
|
|
597 | (1) |
|
The head inhibition gradient |
|
|
598 | (1) |
|
The hypostome as an ``organizer'' |
|
|
598 | (2) |
|
The basal disc activation and inhibition gradients |
|
|
600 | (1) |
|
Compensatory Regeneration in the Mammalian Liver |
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
Aging: The Biology of Senescence |
|
|
601 | (12) |
|
Maximum life span and life expectancy |
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
|
|
602 | (1) |
|
Genetically programmed aging |
|
|
603 | (10) |
|
The saga of the germ line |
|
|
613 | (36) |
|
Germ Plasm and the Determination of the Primordial Germ Cells |
|
|
613 | (4) |
|
Germ cell determination in nematodes |
|
|
614 | (1) |
|
Germ cell determination in insects |
|
|
615 | (1) |
|
Germ cell determination in amphibians |
|
|
616 | (1) |
|
The inert genome hypothesis |
|
|
617 | (1) |
|
|
|
617 | (7) |
|
Germ cell migration in amphibians |
|
|
617 | (1) |
|
Germ cell formation and migration in mammals |
|
|
618 | (3) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: EG Cells, ES Cells, and Teratocarcinomas |
|
|
621 | (1) |
|
Germ cell migration in birds and reptiles |
|
|
622 | (1) |
|
Germ cell migration in Drosophila |
|
|
622 | (2) |
|
|
|
624 | (4) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Big Decisions: Mitosis or Meiosis? Sperm or Egg? |
|
|
627 | (1) |
|
|
|
628 | (3) |
|
Forming the haploid spermatid |
|
|
628 | (2) |
|
Spermiogenesis: The differentiation of the sperm |
|
|
630 | (1) |
|
|
|
631 | (18) |
|
|
|
631 | (1) |
|
Maturation of the oocyte in amphibians |
|
|
632 | (1) |
|
Completion of amphibian meiosis: Progesterone and fertilization |
|
|
633 | (1) |
|
Gene transcription in oocytes |
|
|
634 | (3) |
|
Meroistic oogenesis in insects |
|
|
637 | (1) |
|
Maturation of the mammalian oocyte |
|
|
638 | (11) |
|
part 4 Ramifications of developmental biology |
|
|
|
An overview of plant development |
|
|
649 | (34) |
|
|
|
651 | (3) |
|
Gamete Production in Angiosperms |
|
|
654 | (4) |
|
|
|
654 | (1) |
|
|
|
655 | (1) |
|
|
|
655 | (3) |
|
|
|
658 | (1) |
|
|
|
659 | (5) |
|
|
|
659 | (1) |
|
|
|
659 | (5) |
|
|
|
664 | (1) |
|
|
|
664 | (1) |
|
|
|
665 | (6) |
|
|
|
665 | (2) |
|
|
|
667 | (1) |
|
|
|
667 | (1) |
|
|
|
668 | (3) |
|
The Vegetative-to-Reproductive Transition |
|
|
671 | (7) |
|
Control of the reproductive transition |
|
|
672 | (2) |
|
|
|
674 | (1) |
|
Floral meristem identity genes |
|
|
675 | (1) |
|
Organ identity genes: The ABC model |
|
|
676 | (2) |
|
|
|
678 | (5) |
|
Medical implications of developmental biology |
|
|
683 | (38) |
|
|
|
683 | (1) |
|
|
|
683 | (1) |
|
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) |
|
|
684 | (2) |
|
|
|
684 | (1) |
|
|
|
685 | (1) |
|
Success rates and complications of IVF |
|
|
685 | (1) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Ethical Issues and Assisted Reproductive Technology |
|
|
686 | (1) |
|
Genetic Errors Of Human Development |
|
|
686 | (1) |
|
Identifying the Genes for Human Developmental Anomalies |
|
|
687 | (2) |
|
The Nature of Human Syndromes |
|
|
689 | (2) |
|
|
|
689 | (1) |
|
|
|
690 | (1) |
|
|
|
690 | (1) |
|
|
|
691 | (1) |
|
Gene Expression and Human Disease |
|
|
691 | (2) |
|
Inborn errors in transcriptional regulation |
|
|
691 | (1) |
|
Inborn errors of nuclear RNA processing |
|
|
692 | (1) |
|
Inborn errors of translation |
|
|
692 | (1) |
|
|
|
693 | (1) |
|
Amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, and preimplantation genetics |
|
|
693 | (1) |
|
Sperm separation and sex selection |
|
|
694 | (1) |
|
Teratogenesis: Environmental Assaults On Human Development |
|
|
694 | (1) |
|
|
|
695 | (8) |
|
Retinoic acid as a teratogen |
|
|
696 | (1) |
|
|
|
697 | (1) |
|
|
|
698 | (2) |
|
|
|
700 | (1) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: The DES Story: Is It Happening Again? |
|
|
701 | (2) |
|
Developmental Biology And The Future Of Medicine |
|
|
703 | (1) |
|
Developmental Cancer Therapies |
|
|
703 | (2) |
|
Cancer as a disease of altered development |
|
|
703 | (1) |
|
|
|
703 | (1) |
|
|
|
704 | (1) |
|
|
|
705 | (3) |
|
Somatic cell gene therapy |
|
|
707 | (1) |
|
|
|
707 | (1) |
|
Stem Cells and Therapeutic Cloning |
|
|
708 | (13) |
|
|
|
708 | (1) |
|
Embryonic stem cells and therapeutic cloning |
|
|
708 | (1) |
|
|
|
709 | (2) |
|
|
|
711 | (1) |
|
|
|
712 | (9) |
|
Environmental regulation of animal development |
|
|
721 | (30) |
|
The Environment as Part of Normal Development |
|
|
721 | (6) |
|
|
|
722 | (1) |
|
|
|
722 | (3) |
|
|
|
725 | (1) |
|
|
|
726 | (1) |
|
Diapause: Suspended development |
|
|
727 | (1) |
|
Phenotypic Plasticity: Control of Development by Environmental Conditions |
|
|
727 | (10) |
|
Polyphenism and reaction norms |
|
|
727 | (1) |
|
Seasonal polyphenism in butterflies |
|
|
728 | (2) |
|
|
|
730 | (1) |
|
Environment-dependent sex determination |
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
Polyphenisms for alternative environmental conditions |
|
|
732 | (1) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Genetic Assimilation |
|
|
733 | (1) |
|
Predator-induced polyphenisms |
|
|
734 | (2) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Mammalian Immunity as a Predator-Induced Response |
|
|
736 | (1) |
|
Learning: An Environmentally Adaptive Nervous System |
|
|
737 | (2) |
|
The formation of new neurons |
|
|
737 | (1) |
|
Experiential changes in mammalian visual pathways |
|
|
737 | (2) |
|
|
|
739 | (4) |
|
|
|
740 | (2) |
|
Environmental thyroid hormone disruptors |
|
|
742 | (1) |
|
|
|
742 | (1) |
|
Developmental Biology Meets the Real World |
|
|
743 | (8) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Deformed Frogs |
|
|
744 | (7) |
|
Developmental mechanisms of evolutionary change |
|
|
751 | (34) |
|
``Unity of Type'' and ``Conditions of Existence'' |
|
|
751 | (3) |
|
Charles Darwin's synthesis |
|
|
751 | (1) |
|
``Life's splendid drama'' |
|
|
752 | (1) |
|
The search for the Urbilaterian ancestor |
|
|
753 | (1) |
|
Hox Genes: Descent with Modification |
|
|
754 | (9) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: How the Chordates Got a Head |
|
|
761 | (2) |
|
Homologous Pathways of Development |
|
|
763 | (3) |
|
Instructions for forming the central nervous system |
|
|
763 | (1) |
|
Instructions for appendage formation |
|
|
764 | (2) |
|
Modularity: The Prerequisite for Evolution through Development |
|
|
766 | (3) |
|
Dissociation: Heterochrony and allometry |
|
|
766 | (2) |
|
Duplication and divergence |
|
|
768 | (1) |
|
|
|
768 | (1) |
|
Generating Evolutionary Novelty |
|
|
769 | (4) |
|
Developmental Constraints |
|
|
773 | (4) |
|
|
|
773 | (1) |
|
Morphogenetic constraints |
|
|
774 | (1) |
|
|
|
774 | (2) |
|
Sidelights & Speculations: Canalization and the Release of Developmental Constraints |
|
|
776 | (1) |
|
A New Evolutionary Synthesis |
|
|
777 | (8) |
| Sources for Chapter-Opening Quotations |
|
785 | (2) |
| Author Index |
|
787 | (18) |
| Subject Index |
|
805 | |
Other versions by this Author