List of Boxes |
|
xi | |
List of Figures |
|
xiii | |
List of Tables |
|
xv | |
Preface |
|
xvii | |
About the Author |
|
xix | |
1 Finding Out about Children |
|
2 | (16) |
|
What is Child Psychology? |
|
|
4 | (4) |
|
|
4 | (2) |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
Cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches |
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
Why Do We Need Child Psychology? |
|
|
8 | (8) |
|
Answering questions: The subjective way |
|
|
9 | (2) |
|
Answering questions: The objective way |
|
|
11 | (4) |
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
|
16 | (2) |
2 The Nature of Childhood |
|
18 | (20) |
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
|
21 | (5) |
|
The child as miniature adult |
|
|
21 | (2) |
|
|
23 | (1) |
|
|
24 | (2) |
|
|
26 | (6) |
|
Variations in childrearing practices |
|
|
26 | (3) |
|
Individualistic and collectivistic orientations |
|
|
29 | (2) |
|
Personality development viewed cross-culturally |
|
|
31 | (1) |
|
Adults' Thinking about Children |
|
|
32 | (4) |
|
The nature of belief systems |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
Links to child development |
|
|
34 | (2) |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
|
36 | (2) |
3 Beginning Life |
|
38 | (44) |
|
|
40 | (12) |
|
|
40 | (3) |
|
|
43 | (2) |
|
|
45 | (5) |
|
Fact and fiction concerning genes |
|
|
50 | (2) |
|
|
52 | (8) |
|
Stages of prenatal development |
|
|
53 | (2) |
|
Environmental influences on prenatal development |
|
|
55 | (5) |
|
The Newborn's Adjustment to the World |
|
|
60 | (20) |
|
Childbirth and its psychological consequences |
|
|
60 | (2) |
|
Prematurely born children |
|
|
62 | (3) |
|
How the world looks to newborns |
|
|
65 | (6) |
|
Action patterns and the brain |
|
|
71 | (7) |
|
|
78 | (2) |
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
|
81 | (1) |
4 Forming Relationships |
|
82 | (40) |
|
The Nature of Relationships |
|
|
85 | (2) |
|
|
87 | (13) |
|
|
87 | (6) |
|
Family variety and child development |
|
|
93 | (4) |
|
Divorce and its consequences |
|
|
97 | (3) |
|
|
100 | (12) |
|
The nature and functions of attachments |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
|
101 | (4) |
|
|
105 | (5) |
|
|
110 | (2) |
|
Relationships among Peers |
|
|
112 | (7) |
|
Horizontal and vertical relationships |
|
|
113 | (2) |
|
Contribution of peer relationships to development |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
Status within peer groups |
|
|
116 | (3) |
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
|
120 | (2) |
5 Emotional Development |
|
122 | (36) |
|
|
125 | (6) |
|
|
125 | (1) |
|
|
126 | (5) |
|
|
131 | (1) |
|
Children's Conception of Emotion |
|
|
131 | (9) |
|
The emergence of emotion language |
|
|
133 | (1) |
|
Conversations about emotions |
|
|
134 | (3) |
|
|
137 | (3) |
|
Socialization of Emotions |
|
|
140 | (8) |
|
|
142 | (2) |
|
|
144 | (4) |
|
|
148 | (8) |
|
What is emotional competence? |
|
|
148 | (2) |
|
From other-control to self-control |
|
|
150 | (2) |
|
Why do children differ in emotional competence? |
|
|
152 | (4) |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
|
157 | (1) |
6 The Child as Scientist: Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development |
|
158 | (34) |
|
|
160 | (7) |
|
|
161 | (3) |
|
|
164 | (3) |
|
Stages of Cognitive Development |
|
|
167 | (15) |
|
|
168 | (3) |
|
|
171 | (6) |
|
Concrete operations stage |
|
|
177 | (4) |
|
|
181 | (1) |
|
Pros and Cons of Piagetian Theory |
|
|
182 | (8) |
|
|
182 | (2) |
|
|
184 | (6) |
|
|
190 | (1) |
|
|
191 | (1) |
7 The Child as Apprentice: Vygotsky's Theory of Socio-cognitive Development |
|
192 | (28) |
|
|
194 | (8) |
|
|
194 | (1) |
|
|
195 | (7) |
|
From Other-assistance to Self assistance |
|
|
202 | (13) |
|
What goes on in the zone of proximal development? |
|
|
202 | (1) |
|
Horn do adults assist children s task performance? |
|
|
203 | (5) |
|
What makes for effective assistance? |
|
|
208 | (1) |
|
|
209 | (1) |
|
What role do cultural factors play in adult-child tutoring? |
|
|
210 | (3) |
|
Is joint, problem solving superior to working alone? |
|
|
213 | (2) |
|
|
215 | (3) |
|
|
215 | (2) |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
|
219 | (1) |
8 Children as Information Processors |
|
220 | (46) |
|
Modelling Mental Activity |
|
|
222 | (5) |
|
|
222 | (5) |
|
|
227 | (15) |
|
|
227 | (4) |
|
Symbolic representation: Language, play, drawing |
|
|
231 | (11) |
|
|
242 | (6) |
|
|
243 | (4) |
|
|
247 | (1) |
|
|
248 | (10) |
|
|
248 | (2) |
|
The development of memory |
|
|
250 | (4) |
|
|
254 | (3) |
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
|
258 | (6) |
|
|
259 | (1) |
|
|
260 | (4) |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
|
265 | (1) |
9 Using Language |
|
266 | (38) |
|
|
268 | (6) |
|
The nature and functions of language |
|
|
268 | (3) |
|
A uniquely human ability? |
|
|
271 | (3) |
|
The Developmental Course of Language |
|
|
274 | (17) |
|
|
275 | (3) |
|
|
278 | (2) |
|
Are there critical periods in language acquisition? |
|
|
280 | (6) |
|
|
286 | (3) |
|
|
289 | (2) |
|
Explaining Language Acquisition |
|
|
291 | (11) |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
|
293 | (1) |
|
Social interaction approaches |
|
|
294 | (8) |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
|
303 | (1) |
10 Towards Adulthood |
|
304 | (39) |
|
|
306 | (20) |
|
Biological underpinnings of individuality |
|
|
306 | (2) |
|
|
308 | (3) |
|
Self-esteem: Its nature and development |
|
|
311 | (3) |
|
|
314 | (3) |
|
Influences on self-development |
|
|
317 | (3) |
|
Acquiring a sense of gender |
|
|
320 | (6) |
|
|
326 | (15) |
|
|
327 | (3) |
|
Predicting from early behaviour |
|
|
330 | (5) |
|
Predicting from early experience |
|
|
335 | (3) |
|
Tracing developmental trajectories |
|
|
338 | (3) |
|
|
341 | (1) |
|
|
342 | (1) |
Glossary |
|
343 | (4) |
References |
|
347 | (19) |
Name Index |
|
366 | (7) |
Subject Index |
|
373 | |