Introduction to Time Series Analysis and Forecasting

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Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2008-03-28
Publisher(s): Wiley
List Price: $168.50

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Summary

An accessible introduction to the most current thinking in and practicality of forecasting techniques in the context of time-oriented data.Analyzing time-oriented data and forecasting are among the most important problems that analysts face across many fields, ranging from finance and economics to production operations and the natural sciences. As a result, there is a widespread need for large groups of people in a variety of fields to understand the basic concepts of time series analysis and forecasting. Introduction to Time Series Analysis and Forecasting presents the time series analysis branch of applied statistics as the underlying methodology for developing practical forecasts, and it also bridges the gap between theory and practice by equipping readers with the tools needed to analyze time-oriented data and construct useful, short- to medium-term, statistically based forecasts.Seven easy-to-follow chapters provide intuitive explanations and in-depth coverage of key forecasting topics, including:Regression-based methods, heuristic smoothing methods, and general time series modelsBasic statistical tools used in analyzing time series dataMetrics for evaluating forecast errors and methods for evaluating and tracking forecasting performance over timeCross-section and time series regression data, least squares and maximum likelihood model fitting, model adequacy checking, prediction intervals, and weighted and generalized least squaresExponential smoothing techniques for time series with polynomial components and seasonal dataForecasting and prediction interval construction with a discussion on transfer function models as well as intervention modeling and analysisMultivariate time series problems, ARCH and GARCH models, and combinations of forecastsThe ARIMA model approach with a discussion on how to identify and fit these models for non-seasonal and seasonal time seriesThe intricate role of computer software in successful time series analysis is acknowledged with the use of Minitabr, JMPr, and SASr software applications, which illustrate how the methods are imple-mented in practice. An extensive FTP site is available for readers to obtain data sets, Microsoft Office PowerPointr slides, and selected answers to problems in the book. Requiring only a basic working knowledge of statistics and complete with exercises at the end of each chapter as well as examples from a wide array of fields, Introduction to Time Series Analysis and Forecasting is an ideal text for forecasting and time series courses at the advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate levels. The book also serves as an indispensable reference for practitioners in business, economics, engineering, statistics, mathematics, and the social, environmental, and life sciences.

Author Biography

Douglas C. Montgomery, PhD, is Regents' Professor of Industrial Engineering and Statistics at Arizona State University. Dr. Montgomery has over thirty years of academic and consulting experience and has devoted his research to engineering statistics, specifically the design and analysis of experiments, statistical methods for process monitoring and optimization, and the analysis of time-oriented data. He has authored or coauthored over 190 journal articles and eleven books, including Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis, Fourth Edition and Generalized Linear Models: With Applications in Engineering and the Sciences, both published by Wiley.

Cheryl L. Jennings, PhD, is a Process Design Consultant with Bank of America. An active member of both the American Statistical Association and the American Society for Quality, her areas of research and professional interest include Six Sigma; modeling and analysis; and process control and improvement. Dr. Jennings earned her PhD in industrial engineering from Arizona State University.

Murat Kulahci, PhD, is Associate Professor in Informatics and Mathematical Modelling at the Technical University of Denmark. He has authored or coauthored over thirty journal articles in the areas of time series analysis, design of experiments, and statistical process control and monitoring.

Table of Contents

Prefacep. ix
Introduction to Forecastingp. 1
The Nature and Uses of Forecastsp. 1
Some Examples of Time Seriesp. 5
The Forecasting Processp. 12
Resources for Forecastingp. 14
Exercisesp. 15
Statistics Background for Forecastingp. 18
Introductionp. 18
Graphical Displaysp. 19
Time Series Plotsp. 19
Plotting Smoothed Datap. 22
Numerical Description of Time Series Datap. 25
Stationary Time Seriesp. 25
Autocovariance and Autocorrelation Functionsp. 28
Use of Data Transformations and Adjustmentsp. 34
Transformationsp. 34
Trend and Seasonal Adjustmentsp. 36
General Approach to Time Series Modeling and Forecastingp. 46
Evaluating and Monitoring Forecasting Model Performancep. 49
Forecasting Model Evaluationp. 49
Choosing Between Competing Modelsp. 57
Monitoring a Forecasting Modelp. 60
Exercisesp. 66
Regression Analysis and Forecastingp. 73
Introductionp. 73
Least Squares Estimation in Linear Regression Modelsp. 75
Statistical Inference in Linear Regressionp. 84
Test for Significance of Regressionp. 84
Tests on Individual Regression Coefficients and Groups of Coefficientsp. 87
Confidence Intervals on Individual Regression Coefficientsp. 93
Confidence Intervals on the Mean Responsep. 94
Prediction of New Observationsp. 96
Model Adequacy Checkingp. 98
Residual Plotsp. 98
Scaled Residuals and PRESSp. 100
Measures of Leverage and Influencep. 105
Variable Selection Methods in Regressionp. 106
Generalized and Weighted Least Squaresp. 111
Generalized Least Squaresp. 112
Weighted Least Squaresp. 114
Discounted Least Squaresp. 119
Regression Models for General Time Series Datap. 133
Detecting Autocorrelation: The Durbin-Watson Testp. 134
Estimating the Parameters in Time Series Regression Modelsp. 139
Exercisesp. 161
Exponential Smoothing Methodsp. 171
Introductionp. 171
First-Order Exponential Smoothingp. 176
The Initial Value, y[subscript 0]p. 177
The Value of [lambda]p. 178
Modeling Time Series Datap. 180
Second-Order Exponential Smoothingp. 183
Higher-Order Exponential Smoothingp. 193
Forecastingp. 193
Constant Processp. 193
Linear Trend Processp. 198
Estimation of [sigma subscript e superscript 2]p. 207
Adaptive Updating of the Discount Factorp. 208
Model Assessmentp. 209
Exponential Smoothing for Seasonal Datap. 210
Additive Seasonal Modelp. 210
Multiplicative Seasonal Modelp. 214
Exponential Smoothers and ARIMA Modelsp. 217
Exercisesp. 220
Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Modelsp. 231
Introductionp. 231
Linear Models for Stationary Time Seriesp. 231
Stationarityp. 232
Stationary Time Seriesp. 233
Finite Order Moving Average (MA) Processesp. 235
The First-Order Moving Average Process, MA(1)p. 236
The Second-Order Moving Average Process, MA(2)p. 238
Finite Order Autoregressive Processesp. 239
First-Order Autoregressive Process, AR(1)p. 240
Second-Order Autoregressive Process, AR(2)p. 242
General Autoregressive Process, AR(p)p. 246
Partial Autocorrelation Function, PACFp. 248
Mixed Autoregressive-Moving Average (ARMA) Processesp. 253
Nonstationary Processesp. 256
Time Series Model Buildingp. 265
Model Identificationp. 265
Parameter Estimationp. 266
Diagnostic Checkingp. 266
Examples of Building ARIMA Modelsp. 267
Forecasting ARIMA Processesp. 275
Seasonal Processesp. 282
Final Commentsp. 286
Exercisesp. 287
Transfer Functions and Intervention Modelsp. 299
Introductionp. 299
Transfer Function Modelsp. 300
Transfer Function-Noise Modelsp. 307
Cross Correlation Functionp. 307
Model Specificationp. 309
Forecasting with Transfer Function-Noise Modelsp. 322
Intervention Analysisp. 330
Exercisesp. 338
Survey of Other Forecasting Methodsp. 343
Multivariate Time Series Models and Forecastingp. 343
Multivariate Stationary Processp. 343
Vector ARIMA Modelsp. 344
Vector AR (VAR) Modelsp. 346
State Space Modelsp. 350
ARCH and GARCH Modelsp. 355
Direct Forecasting of Percentilesp. 359
Combining Forecasts to Improve Prediction Performancep. 365
Aggregation and Disaggregation of Forecastsp. 369
Neural Networks and Forecastingp. 372
Some Comments on Practical Implementation and Use of Statistical Forecasting Proceduresp. 375
Exercisesp. 378
Statistical Tablesp. 387
Data Sets for Exercisesp. 407
Bibliographyp. 437
Indexp. 443
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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