| Introduction to Third Edition |
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vii | |
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xxvii | |
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Table of Statutes and Regulations |
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xlix | |
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Overview: Conflicting Perspectives on the Adequacy of the Tort System |
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1 | (22) |
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1 | (3) |
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Tort Goals and Their Application |
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2 | (1) |
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Typical Environmental or Toxic Tort Claims |
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3 | (1) |
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Special Characteristics of Environmental Tort Claims |
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4 | (19) |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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Role of Expert Scientific or Medical Testimony |
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6 | (2) |
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Relationship of Environmental Tort Law to Statutory Environmental Law |
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8 | (1) |
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Recurring Themes in Environmental Torts |
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8 | (1) |
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Kenneth S. Abraham, The Relation Between Civil Liability and Environmental Regulation: An Analytical Overview |
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9 | (14) |
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23 | (32) |
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General Principles of Trespass |
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23 | (21) |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (1) |
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Extent of Invasion: Are Actual Damages Necessary? |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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Continuing Damages or Injury; Abatability |
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29 | (2) |
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Robert N. Hoery v. United States |
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31 | (9) |
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Continuing Tortious Conduct |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (3) |
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Judicial Applications of Trespass |
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44 | (11) |
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Martin v. Amoco Oil Company |
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44 | (3) |
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47 | (6) |
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Note on Negligent Trespass |
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53 | (2) |
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Nuisance: The Comprehensive Environmental Tort Theory |
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55 | (74) |
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Nuisance: An Introduction |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (24) |
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56 | (1) |
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Unreasonableness of the Interference |
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57 | (2) |
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What is a ``Public Right?'' |
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59 | (2) |
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Nashua Corporation v. Norton Company |
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61 | (3) |
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64 | (2) |
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Private Action for Public Nuisance---The Special Injury Rule |
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66 | (2) |
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In re the Exxon Valdez; Alaska Native Class v. Exxon Corp. |
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68 | (3) |
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71 | (3) |
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A Note on Economic Principles |
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74 | (2) |
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Physical Harm as Constituting Special Injury |
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76 | (2) |
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Equitable Actions for Public Nuisance |
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78 | (1) |
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Private Attorneys General |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (49) |
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80 | (1) |
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Restatement's Formulation |
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81 | (1) |
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Standing: Who Can Sue for Private Nuisance |
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81 | (1) |
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Requirement of Significant Harm |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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What Constitutes An ``Intentional'' Invasion? |
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84 | (2) |
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What Is Unreasonableness? |
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86 | (3) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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Utility of Defendant's Conduct |
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90 | (1) |
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Other Considerations on Unreasonableness |
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91 | (1) |
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Nature of the Interest Interfered With |
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91 | (1) |
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Adkins v. Thomas Solvent Company |
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91 | (6) |
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97 | (3) |
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100 | (1) |
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United Proteins, Inc. v. Farmland Industries, Inc. |
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100 | (5) |
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105 | (4) |
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Harm Versus Utility Balancing |
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109 | (1) |
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Carpenter v. The Double R Cattle Company, Inc. |
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110 | (2) |
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112 | (1) |
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Note on Anticipatory Nuisance and Injunctions |
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113 | (1) |
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Sharp v. 251st Street Landfill, Inc. |
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114 | (8) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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Note on Negligent Conduct |
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124 | (3) |
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127 | (2) |
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Strict Liability for Abnormally Dangerous Activities and Other Theories |
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129 | (111) |
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Evolution of the Strict Liability Doctrine |
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129 | (5) |
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Genesis: Rylands v. Fletcher |
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129 | (2) |
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American Recognition and the First Restatement |
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131 | (2) |
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The Restatement (Second) of Torts |
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133 | (1) |
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Restatement (Second) of Torts Standard of Liability |
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134 | (39) |
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Relationship to Negligence and Balancing |
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135 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (2) |
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The Negligence Barrier and Section 520(c) |
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138 | (1) |
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Fletcher v. Conoco Pipe Line |
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138 | (6) |
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Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad Company v. American Cyanamid Company |
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144 | (5) |
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149 | (2) |
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151 | (1) |
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Defining the ``Activity'' That May Be Abnormally Dangerous |
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152 | (1) |
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Activities, not Substances |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (2) |
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Effect of Government Regulations |
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155 | (1) |
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Regulations As Implying that Due Care Is the Test |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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Role of Common Usage and Locational Appropriateness |
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157 | (1) |
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The Restatement Explanation |
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157 | (1) |
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Exploration for Fuel, and its Transportation and Storage: Common Usage? Appropriate Locations? |
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158 | (1) |
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Other Applications of Factors (d) and (e) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (2) |
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Question of Law: Who Does the Balancing? |
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162 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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Inconsistent Findings: Disposal of Hazardous Waste |
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163 | (2) |
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Sale of Product Does Not Qualify |
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165 | (1) |
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Operation of Uranium Metals Production Plant Does Qualify |
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166 | (1) |
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Knowledge of the Danger or Foreseeability of Harm as a Prerequisite to Strict Liability |
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166 | (1) |
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T&E Industries v. Safety Light Corporation |
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166 | (3) |
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169 | (3) |
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172 | (1) |
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Rationales for Imposing Strict Liability |
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173 | (4) |
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Internalization of All Costs: The Enterprise Model |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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Non-Reciprocal Risks Model |
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175 | (1) |
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Epstein's Corrective Justice Model |
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176 | (1) |
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Posner's Reduction in Levels of Activity Model |
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176 | (1) |
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The Relationship Between Statutory and Common-Law Strict Liabilities |
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177 | (15) |
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Hagen v. Texaco Refining and Marketing, Inc. |
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177 | (8) |
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185 | (6) |
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191 | (1) |
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Application of Nuisance, Trespass, Negligence, and Strict Liability to Vertical Relationships |
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192 | (18) |
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Rosenblatt v. Exxon Company, U.S.A. |
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193 | (9) |
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202 | (5) |
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207 | (3) |
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Misrepresentation as a Basis of Liability |
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210 | (30) |
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Liability for Non-Disclosure |
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210 | (1) |
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210 | (8) |
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218 | (3) |
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Failure to Provide Disclosure Mandated by Law |
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221 | (1) |
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Edward A. Visconti, Jr. v. Pepper Partners Limited Partnership |
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222 | (6) |
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Negligent Misrepresentation |
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228 | (1) |
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Binette v. Dyer Library Association |
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228 | (5) |
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233 | (1) |
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A Note on Some Other Potentially Liable Parties |
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234 | (4) |
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238 | (2) |
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Remedies and Compensable Interests |
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240 | (90) |
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Injunctions: The Comparative Injury Calculus |
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240 | (4) |
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243 | (1) |
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Standards for Granting Injunctions: Balancing the Equities |
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244 | (11) |
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Boomer v. Atlantic Cement Company, Inc. |
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248 | (4) |
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252 | (3) |
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Damages for Injury to Real Property |
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255 | (21) |
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Harm to the Physical Condition of Land |
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255 | (1) |
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255 | (4) |
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Environmental Damages: Restoration Versus Diminution and the Role of Stigma Damages |
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259 | (1) |
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In re Paoli Railroad Yard PCB Litigation |
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259 | (7) |
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266 | (4) |
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270 | (1) |
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Personal Discomfort and Annoyance |
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270 | (1) |
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Hawkins v. Scituate Oil Co., Inc. |
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271 | (3) |
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274 | (2) |
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Damages to Persons and Present Liability for Prospective Harm |
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276 | (54) |
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Introduction: The Issues Identified |
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276 | (1) |
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Judicial Treatment of Medical Monitoring and Emotional Distress |
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277 | (1) |
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Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company v. Buckley |
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277 | (7) |
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Note on Post-Exposure, Pre-Symptom Medical Surveillance Damages |
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284 | (1) |
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284 | (2) |
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Evolution of the Elements of the Remedy |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (2) |
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The Form of the Remedy: Lump Sum Award or Court Supervised Fund |
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289 | (2) |
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Medical Monitoring Under Cercla |
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291 | (1) |
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Generalized Scientific Studies to Determine Increased Risk |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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Proving Medical Monitoring Damages |
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294 | (1) |
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Judicial Treatment of Fear of Future Disease and Emotional Distress |
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295 | (1) |
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Isabel v. Velsicol Chemical Co. |
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295 | (5) |
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Sterling v. Velsicol Chemical |
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300 | (1) |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (1) |
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Physical Harm, Impact or Related Requirements |
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303 | (5) |
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California Standard of Reasonableness and Probability of Disease |
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308 | (1) |
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Choosing From Among the Alternatives |
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309 | (1) |
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Increased Risk Alone Not Compensable |
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310 | (2) |
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312 | (1) |
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313 | (1) |
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Constitutional and Other Limitations |
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314 | (1) |
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Johansen v. Combustion Engineering, Inc. |
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314 | (10) |
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324 | (6) |
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Environmental Statutory Regulation and the Common Law: Preemption and Implied Rights |
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330 | (65) |
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General Principles of Federal Preclusion and Enhancement of Private Rights |
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330 | (50) |
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330 | (1) |
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Regulation as Enhancing Common Law Rights |
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331 | (1) |
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American Canoe Assoc. v. District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority |
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332 | (15) |
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347 | (1) |
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Regulation as Precluding Common Law Rights |
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347 | (1) |
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Supreme Court Decisions Precluding Common Law Rights |
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348 | (1) |
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348 | (4) |
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352 | (6) |
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International Paper Co. v. Ouellette |
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358 | (6) |
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364 | (1) |
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Cipollone v. Liggett Group |
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365 | (10) |
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375 | (2) |
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377 | (2) |
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379 | (1) |
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State Judicial Considerations of Preemption: A Complementary Approach |
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380 | (4) |
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384 | (11) |
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386 | (1) |
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Sheila Bush, Can You Get There From Here? Noncompliance With Environmental Regulation as Negligence Per Se in Tort Cases |
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386 | (4) |
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390 | (3) |
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393 | (2) |
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Toxic Products, Processes and Services |
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395 | (79) |
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Introduction: Some General Principles |
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395 | (10) |
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396 | (1) |
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396 | (1) |
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397 | (1) |
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Implied Warranty of Merchantability |
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397 | (1) |
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Implied Warranty of Fitness for a Particular Purpose |
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398 | (1) |
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Proper Plaintiffs to a Warranty Claim |
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398 | (1) |
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Warranty Disclaimers and Limitations |
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399 | (1) |
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400 | (1) |
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401 | (1) |
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Restatement (Second) of Torts § 402A: Strict Liability and New Approaches |
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402 | (3) |
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Toxic Product Claims by Type |
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405 | (69) |
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405 | (1) |
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Liability Standards and Defenses |
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405 | (1) |
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Borel v. Fibreboard Paper Products Corporation |
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406 | (3) |
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409 | (5) |
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Punitive Damages in Asbestos Litigation |
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414 | (1) |
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Fischer v. Johns-Manville Corporation |
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414 | (5) |
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419 | (3) |
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422 | (3) |
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425 | (2) |
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Prescription Pharmaceuticals, Biological Products and Medical Devices |
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427 | (1) |
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Pharmaceuticals and comment k |
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427 | (1) |
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427 | (5) |
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432 | (2) |
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Biological Products: Special Problems of AIDS-Contaminated Blood Products |
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434 | (1) |
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McKee v. Miles Laboratories |
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434 | (3) |
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437 | (3) |
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440 | (1) |
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Hegna v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company |
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440 | (3) |
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443 | (1) |
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443 | (1) |
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Liability Standards for Warnings |
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443 | (1) |
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Werckenthein v. Bucher Petrochemical Company |
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443 | (4) |
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447 | (2) |
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Bulk Suppliers of Chemicals: The Sophisticated User Defense |
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449 | (1) |
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450 | (9) |
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459 | (1) |
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Foreseeable Users and Uses |
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459 | (1) |
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High v. Westinghouse Electric Corp. |
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459 | (4) |
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463 | (1) |
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Agricultural Chemicals: Use of Express Warranty Theory |
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463 | (1) |
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Ciba--Geigy Corporation v. Alter |
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463 | (6) |
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469 | (3) |
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472 | (2) |
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474 | (106) |
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474 | (1) |
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Causation: Did the Toxic Substance Cause Plaintiff's Harm? |
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474 | (55) |
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474 | (1) |
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Katie Bonner v. ISP Technologies, Inc. |
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474 | (2) |
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476 | (1) |
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Problems With Causation Terminology |
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477 | (2) |
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The Dual Causation Question |
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479 | (2) |
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Early Use of Probabilistic Evidence |
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481 | (4) |
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485 | (1) |
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The Scientific Method: Toxicology and Epidemiology |
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485 | (1) |
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Gerald W. Boston, A Mass Exposure Model of Toxic Causation: The Content of Scientific Proof and the Regulatory Experience |
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485 | (9) |
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Standards of Admissibility of Scientific Evidence |
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494 | (2) |
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Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. |
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496 | (5) |
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501 | (1) |
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502 | (2) |
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Sufficiency of the Scientific Evidence: Nature and Quantum of Proof |
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504 | (1) |
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504 | (1) |
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505 | (2) |
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Intermediate Standard of Sufficiency |
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507 | (4) |
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Rigorous Standards of Sufficiency: The Bendectin Litigation |
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511 | (1) |
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Brock v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. |
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511 | (6) |
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517 | (8) |
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525 | (1) |
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Note on Exposure as an Element of Causation |
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526 | (3) |
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529 | (12) |
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Individualized Model: Allen v. United States |
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530 | (2) |
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532 | (2) |
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The Collective Model: Agent Orange |
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534 | (1) |
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In re Agent Orange Product Liability Litigation |
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534 | (2) |
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536 | (5) |
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Did the Defendant Cause Plaintiff's Harm: The Indeterminate Defendant Problem |
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541 | (22) |
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Some Devices to Overcome Defendant Indeterminacy |
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541 | (1) |
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541 | (1) |
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542 | (1) |
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Enterprise or Industry--Wide Liability |
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542 | (1) |
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543 | (1) |
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544 | (4) |
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Market Share at the Boundaries: Factor VIII and Lead Paint |
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548 | (1) |
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Factor VIII and Contaminated Blood Products |
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548 | (1) |
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Smith v. Cutter Biological, Inc. |
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548 | (8) |
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556 | (1) |
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556 | (2) |
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558 | (2) |
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560 | (1) |
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Note on Lead Paint and Causation |
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561 | (2) |
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Apportionment of the Harm or Damage |
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563 | (17) |
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Apportionment Between Plaintiff and Defendant |
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563 | (1) |
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Dafler v. Raymark Industries, Inc. |
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563 | (6) |
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569 | (2) |
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Apportionment or Joint and Several Liability Among Tortfeasors |
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571 | (1) |
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Michie v. Great Lakes Steel Division |
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572 | (3) |
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575 | (2) |
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577 | (3) |
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Workplace Injuries and Toxic Substances: Intersection of Workers' Compensation and Tort Liability |
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580 | (41) |
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Introduction to the Workers' Compensation System |
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580 | (4) |
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580 | (1) |
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581 | (3) |
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Avoiding the Exclusivity Bar |
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584 | (19) |
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The Intentional Tort Exception to Exclusivity |
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584 | (1) |
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585 | (1) |
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Judicial Rationales for Creating the Exception |
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586 | (1) |
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The ``Non-accident'' Rationale |
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586 | (1) |
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Larson's Approach to the Accident Exception |
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586 | (1) |
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The ``Severed'' Relationship Rationale |
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586 | (1) |
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The ``Intentional'' Tort Standard Used by States |
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587 | (1) |
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The Majority Rule: Deliberate Intent to Cause Injury |
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587 | (1) |
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``Substantial Certainty'' Test of Intent |
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587 | (1) |
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Wilful, Wanton or Reckless Test |
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587 | (1) |
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Legislative Standards of Intent |
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587 | (1) |
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588 | (1) |
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Dan J. Oros v. Hull & Assoc., Inc. |
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588 | (8) |
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596 | (1) |
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597 | (1) |
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598 | (1) |
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Actions by Spouses or Children Against Employers |
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599 | (1) |
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599 | (1) |
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600 | (1) |
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Fetal Protection Policies |
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601 | (1) |
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602 | (1) |
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Aggravation of Injury Exception |
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603 | (1) |
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Occupational Disease Acts |
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603 | (12) |
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603 | (1) |
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Judicial Application of Occupational Disease Acts |
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604 | (1) |
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Palmer v. Del Webb's High Sierra |
|
|
605 | (3) |
|
|
|
608 | (1) |
|
Distinguishing Diseases Incident to One's Employment From the Ordinary Diseases of Life |
|
|
608 | (1) |
|
Intentional Tort Exception in Occupational Diseases |
|
|
609 | (1) |
|
A Note on Environmental Tobacco Smoke |
|
|
610 | (2) |
|
|
|
612 | (1) |
|
Employees' Actions for Relief |
|
|
613 | (1) |
|
|
|
613 | (1) |
|
Claims Based on Workers' Compensation Acts |
|
|
613 | (1) |
|
Claims Based on Negligence |
|
|
614 | (1) |
|
|
|
615 | (1) |
|
Occupational Safety and Health Requirements |
|
|
615 | (6) |
|
Toxic and Hazardous Substances |
|
|
616 | (1) |
|
OSHA Recordkeeping Requirements |
|
|
617 | (1) |
|
|
|
617 | (1) |
|
The Role of Non--Compliance and Compliance |
|
|
618 | (3) |
|
CERCLA: Liability and Compensation for Cleaning Up Hazardous Substances |
|
|
621 | (244) |
|
|
|
621 | (3) |
|
|
|
621 | (2) |
|
Principal Statutory Provisions |
|
|
623 | (1) |
|
|
|
624 | (32) |
|
Release or Threatened Release |
|
|
625 | (1) |
|
|
|
626 | (1) |
|
|
|
626 | (1) |
|
|
|
627 | (1) |
|
Exclusions and Underground Storage Tanks |
|
|
628 | (1) |
|
|
|
629 | (1) |
|
|
|
630 | (1) |
|
Damages Recoverable by the Government |
|
|
630 | (2) |
|
The Government Action: Strict, Retroactive and Joint and Several Liability Rules |
|
|
632 | (3) |
|
In the Matter of Bell Petroleum Services, Inc. |
|
|
635 | (11) |
|
|
|
646 | (1) |
|
The ``Typical'' Government Action: United States v. Monsanto |
|
|
646 | (3) |
|
|
|
649 | (1) |
|
Divisibility of Harm: The Alcan Opinions |
|
|
650 | (3) |
|
|
|
653 | (3) |
|
Parties Liable Under Cercla |
|
|
656 | (32) |
|
Current Owners and Operators |
|
|
656 | (1) |
|
|
|
656 | (2) |
|
Liability of Corporations and Affiliated Firms and Persons: Direct and Derivative Liability and Parent Corporations |
|
|
658 | (1) |
|
United States v. Bestfoods et al. |
|
|
658 | (10) |
|
|
|
668 | (7) |
|
|
|
675 | (4) |
|
Liability of Successor Entities |
|
|
679 | (6) |
|
|
|
685 | (1) |
|
|
|
685 | (1) |
|
|
|
685 | (1) |
|
Congress Enacts Cercla Lender Amendment |
|
|
686 | (1) |
|
|
|
686 | (1) |
|
Operational Versus Financial or Administrative Control |
|
|
686 | (1) |
|
|
|
687 | (1) |
|
Participation in Management |
|
|
687 | (1) |
|
|
|
688 | (1) |
|
Private Cost Recovery Actions |
|
|
688 | (17) |
|
What are Private Cost Recovery Actions? |
|
|
688 | (1) |
|
Plaintiff's Prima Facie Case |
|
|
689 | (1) |
|
|
|
690 | (1) |
|
|
|
690 | (1) |
|
State Claims Cannot Circumvent the NCP |
|
|
691 | (1) |
|
Is Compliance with State-Ordered Cleanups Sufficient? |
|
|
692 | (1) |
|
Moral of the Story on the NCP Compliance |
|
|
693 | (1) |
|
Proof of Compliance as Affecting Liability or Damages |
|
|
694 | (1) |
|
Recovery of Attorneys' Fees |
|
|
695 | (1) |
|
Key Tronic Corporation v. United States et al. |
|
|
696 | (5) |
|
|
|
701 | (1) |
|
Causation in Private Cost Recovery Actions |
|
|
702 | (1) |
|
What Kind of Test to Apply |
|
|
702 | (2) |
|
Special Problems of Two-Site Cases |
|
|
704 | (1) |
|
Statutory Defenses to Cercla Liability |
|
|
705 | (24) |
|
|
|
706 | (2) |
|
|
|
708 | (1) |
|
State of New York v. Lashins Arcade Co. |
|
|
709 | (7) |
|
|
|
716 | (6) |
|
Innocent Landowner Defense |
|
|
722 | (1) |
|
|
|
722 | (1) |
|
Congress' Attempt to Create a Defense for Purchasers |
|
|
722 | (2) |
|
Caused ``Solely By'' Requirement |
|
|
724 | (1) |
|
Failure to Exercise Reasonable Care |
|
|
725 | (1) |
|
Failure to Perform Appropriate Inquiry |
|
|
726 | (2) |
|
Successful Invocations of the Defense |
|
|
728 | (1) |
|
Allocating the Clean-Up Costs: Contribution Actions and Other Devices |
|
|
729 | (112) |
|
Standards for Obtaining Contribution |
|
|
729 | (1) |
|
|
|
730 | (1) |
|
Private Cost Recovery Actions under § 107 Versus Contribution Actions under § 113 |
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
Congress Enacts Explicit Contribution Remedy |
|
|
732 | (1) |
|
|
|
733 | (3) |
|
New Castle County et al. v. Halliburton NUS Corp. |
|
|
736 | (6) |
|
|
|
742 | (7) |
|
|
|
749 | (3) |
|
The Allocation Process in Contribution Actions |
|
|
752 | (1) |
|
|
|
752 | (1) |
|
Elements of the Contribution Action |
|
|
753 | (2) |
|
United States v. R. W. Meyer, Inc. |
|
|
755 | (3) |
|
|
|
758 | (2) |
|
More on Approaches to Allocating Costs |
|
|
760 | (1) |
|
|
|
760 | (1) |
|
|
|
760 | (1) |
|
|
|
761 | (1) |
|
|
|
761 | (1) |
|
|
|
762 | (1) |
|
Control Data Corporation v. S.C.S.C. Corp. |
|
|
763 | (5) |
|
|
|
768 | (5) |
|
Contribution and Causation |
|
|
773 | (1) |
|
Acushnet Company v. Mohasco Corporation |
|
|
773 | (10) |
|
|
|
783 | (10) |
|
Note on Joint and Several Liability |
|
|
793 | (1) |
|
Revisiting the § 113(f) Versus § 107 Debate |
|
|
793 | (2) |
|
Courts of Appeal Move to Joint and Several: Carter-Jones Lumber Co. |
|
|
795 | (1) |
|
Seventh Circuit Adopts Broader Joint and Several Liability Recognition |
|
|
796 | (1) |
|
Browning--Ferris Industries of Illinois, Inc. v. Richard Ter Maat, et al. |
|
|
797 | (4) |
|
|
|
801 | (2) |
|
|
|
803 | (1) |
|
Causation: Final Thoughts |
|
|
804 | (2) |
|
|
|
806 | (1) |
|
Effect of Settlement With the Government |
|
|
806 | (1) |
|
Effect of Settlement on Contribution: Cercla's Provisions |
|
|
807 | (2) |
|
Rumpke of Indiana, Inc. v. Cummins Engine Company, Inc., et al. |
|
|
809 | (9) |
|
|
|
818 | (5) |
|
Judicial Review of Settlements |
|
|
823 | (5) |
|
Diversity of Views on Nonsettlor Liability |
|
|
828 | (1) |
|
|
|
828 | (1) |
|
The Uniform Contribution Among Tortfeasors Act and § 113(f)(2): Pro Tanto or Dollar Reduction Method |
|
|
829 | (4) |
|
Uniform Comparative Fault Act and § 113(f): Proportionate Reduction |
|
|
833 | (8) |
|
Indemnification Agreements |
|
|
841 | (24) |
|
|
|
841 | (1) |
|
Are Such Agreements Permitted Under Cercla? |
|
|
841 | (3) |
|
How Should Such Agreements be Construed? |
|
|
844 | (1) |
|
|
|
844 | (1) |
|
Effect of Pre-Cercla Contracts on Cercla Claims |
|
|
845 | (1) |
|
|
|
846 | (2) |
|
What Role for Sophistication of the Parties? |
|
|
848 | (2) |
|
Trace Amounts and Rationality |
|
|
850 | (1) |
|
SDC/Pullman Partners v. Tolo Incorporated |
|
|
850 | (8) |
|
|
|
858 | (2) |
|
|
|
860 | (5) |
|
|
|
865 | (39) |
|
|
|
865 | (1) |
|
Insurance Coverage for Environmental and Toxic Torts |
|
|
866 | (14) |
|
|
|
867 | (1) |
|
|
|
867 | (1) |
|
|
|
868 | (1) |
|
Objective versus Subjective Test |
|
|
869 | (1) |
|
|
|
870 | (1) |
|
Bodily Injury and Emotional Harm |
|
|
871 | (1) |
|
|
|
872 | (2) |
|
Triggers of Coverage for Bodily Injury |
|
|
874 | (1) |
|
|
|
874 | (2) |
|
|
|
876 | (1) |
|
|
|
876 | (1) |
|
Multiple or Continuous Trigger |
|
|
877 | (1) |
|
Triggers of Coverage for Property Damage |
|
|
878 | (1) |
|
|
|
878 | (2) |
|
Special Insurance Problems of Environmental Cleanups |
|
|
880 | (24) |
|
Pay ``As Damages'' and ``Suit'' Controversies |
|
|
880 | (1) |
|
Coakley v. Maine Bonding and Casualty Company |
|
|
880 | (9) |
|
|
|
889 | (2) |
|
Sudden and Accidental Pollution Exclusion |
|
|
891 | (1) |
|
Sudden and Accidental Exception to the Pollution Exclusion |
|
|
891 | (3) |
|
|
|
894 | (1) |
|
Does the Claim Involve Release of a ``Pollutant'' into the Atmosphere? |
|
|
895 | (2) |
|
Absolute Pollution Exclusion |
|
|
897 | (2) |
|
Personal Injury Endorsement |
|
|
899 | (2) |
|
|
|
901 | (1) |
|
|
|
902 | (2) |
|
|
|
904 | (48) |
|
|
|
904 | (1) |
|
Statutes of Limitation for Injury to Real Property |
|
|
905 | (12) |
|
Mangini v. Aerojet-General Corporation |
|
|
905 | (6) |
|
|
|
911 | (6) |
|
Statutes of Limitation in Product and Occupational Exposure Cases |
|
|
917 | (10) |
|
|
|
917 | (1) |
|
Accrual Based on the Discovery Rule |
|
|
918 | (1) |
|
Evenson v. Osmose Wood Preserving Company of America, Inc. |
|
|
919 | (4) |
|
|
|
923 | (3) |
|
|
|
926 | (1) |
|
Successive Actions and Statutes of Limitation |
|
|
927 | (12) |
|
Wilson v. Johns-Manville Sales Corporation |
|
|
928 | (5) |
|
|
|
933 | (6) |
|
|
|
939 | (3) |
|
How They Differ From Statutes of Limitation |
|
|
939 | (2) |
|
|
|
941 | (1) |
|
|
|
942 | (1) |
|
Contributory Fault/Assumption of the Risk in Real Property Actions |
|
|
943 | (6) |
|
Defenses to Nuisance and Real Property Actions |
|
|
943 | (1) |
|
Contributory Negligence or Fault |
|
|
943 | (1) |
|
|
|
944 | (1) |
|
|
|
945 | (2) |
|
|
|
947 | (2) |
|
Plaintiff's Conduct as a Bar in Toxic Products Cases |
|
|
949 | (3) |
|
Special Problems in Trial Management and Settlement of Toxics Litigation |
|
|
952 | (63) |
|
|
|
952 | (12) |
|
Dennis Mullen, et al. v. Treasure Chest Casino, LLC, et al. |
|
|
954 | (7) |
|
|
|
961 | (1) |
|
|
|
962 | (2) |
|
Other Aggregative or Disaggregative Procedures |
|
|
964 | (3) |
|
|
|
964 | (1) |
|
Bifurcation of Claims and Issues |
|
|
965 | (1) |
|
|
|
966 | (1) |
|
Asbestos Litigation: Classes, Consolidations, Bifurcations and Multidistrict Litigation |
|
|
967 | (13) |
|
In re Fibreboard Corporation |
|
|
968 | (6) |
|
|
|
974 | (6) |
|
|
|
980 | (10) |
|
|
|
980 | (3) |
|
|
|
983 | (2) |
|
|
|
985 | (1) |
|
|
|
985 | (1) |
|
|
|
986 | (1) |
|
Sanctions for Violation of Protective Orders |
|
|
987 | (1) |
|
Gag Orders; Sealing of Documents |
|
|
988 | (2) |
|
|
|
990 | (1) |
|
|
|
990 | (10) |
|
|
|
990 | (5) |
|
Releases of Future Injuries |
|
|
995 | (1) |
|
Green Cards and Medical Monitoring |
|
|
996 | (1) |
|
|
|
996 | (1) |
|
|
|
996 | (1) |
|
|
|
997 | (1) |
|
Distribution of Settlement Funds |
|
|
998 | (1) |
|
Value Protection Programs |
|
|
998 | (2) |
|
|
|
1000 | (9) |
|
Lex Loci Delecti: Vested Rights |
|
|
1001 | (1) |
|
Most Significant Relationship |
|
|
1001 | (1) |
|
Strongest Governmental Interest |
|
|
1001 | (1) |
|
|
|
1002 | (1) |
|
|
|
1002 | (1) |
|
|
|
1002 | (2) |
|
|
|
1004 | (2) |
|
Federalized Choice of Law |
|
|
1006 | (2) |
|
|
|
1008 | (1) |
|
Judicial Management of Scientific and Technology Issues |
|
|
1009 | (6) |
|
Use of Court--Appointed Experts |
|
|
1010 | (1) |
|
|
|
1011 | (1) |
|
Reasons for Underutilization |
|
|
1012 | (1) |
|
Recommendations for Change |
|
|
1012 | (2) |
|
|
|
1014 | (1) |
| Index |
|
1015 | |
Other versions by this Author