The Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkenes

by ; ; ; ; ; ;
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2000-04-06
Publisher(s): Oxford University Press
List Price: $229.33

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Summary

The formation of smog in urban atmospheres involves the interaction of sunlight with an air mixture containing nitrogen oxides and reactive hydrocarbons -- the most reactive class of these hydrocarbons being alkenes. This important new book, by a team of leading atmospheric chemists, reviews and evaluates the existing literature on the atmospheric chemistry of these compounds, focusing on the search for a more quantitative understanding of the phenomenon which can then be applied to control methods. It includes detailed examinations of the reactions of alkenes and even suggests areas for further laboratory studies. This book is ideal for climatologists, meteorologists, and scientists studying the chemistry of the atmosphere and can also serve as a valuable text for graduate courses in atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric science.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments vii
Importance of Alkenes in the Chemistry of Ozone Generation in the Urban Atmosphere
3(20)
Typical Composition of the Hydrocarbons Present in Urban Air
4(8)
Relative Importance of OH, NO3, O3, and O(3P) as Reactants for Alkenes
12(4)
Importance of Alkenes Relative to Other Volatile Organic Compounds as Reactants for OH, NO3, and O3
16(1)
Relative Importance of Individual Alkenes
17(6)
Reaction of Alkenes with the OH Radical
23(104)
Mechanisms of the OH-Alkene Reactions
23(10)
Measured Rate Coefficients for OH--Alkene Reactions
33(57)
Estimation of Rate Coefficients for OH--Alkene Reactions
90(3)
Major Products of the Reactions of OH with Alkenes
93(13)
Reactions of HOCxHyO2 Radicals Formed Following OH Addition to the Alkene Double Bond
106(7)
Reactions of HOCxHyO Radicals Formed from HOCxHyO2 Radicals
113(14)
Reactions of Alkene with the NO3 Radical
127(45)
Mechanisms of the NO3--Alkene Reactions
127(5)
Measured Rate Coefficients for NO3--Alkene Reactions
132(30)
Estimation of Rate Coefficients for NO3--Alkene Reactions
162(2)
Major Products of the Reaction of NO3 Radicals with Alkenes
164(8)
Reactions of Alkenes with O3
172(64)
Mechanisms of the Ozone--Alkene Reactions
174(1)
Measured Rate Coefficients for O3--Alkene Reactions
174(57)
Estimation of Rate Coefficients for O3--Alkene Reactions
231(4)
Products and Mechanism of the Reaction of Ozone with Alkenes
235(1)
Reactions of Alkenes with O(3P)--Atoms and NO2
236(111)
Measured Rate Coefficients for O(3P)--Alkene Reactions
338(4)
Products and Mechanism of Alkene--O(3P) Reactions
342(2)
Thermal Reactions of Alkenes with NO2
344(3)
Rate Coefficients of OH, NO3, and O3 Reactions with the First-Generation Atmospheric Oxidation Products of Alkenes
347(21)
Reactions of OH Radicals with Oxygen-Containing Organic Compounds
348(14)
Reactions of NO3 Radical with Oxygen-Containing Organic Compounds
362(4)
Reactions of O3 with Oxygen-Containing Organic Compounds
366(2)
Primary Photochemical Processes in Some Important Light-Absorbing Products of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkenes
368(39)
Photolysis Model Description
369(2)
Formaldehyde
371(8)
Ethanal (Acetaldehyde)
379(7)
Propanal (Propionaldehyde)
386(3)
Glyoxal
389(3)
Methylglyoxal
392(3)
Acetone
395(6)
Methyl Hydroperoxide
401(1)
Methyl Nitrate
402(5)
Application of Findings to the Modeling of Alkene Atmospheric Chemistry
407(6)
Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Methods
407(3)
Some Special Considerations of Chemical Mechanisms that Simulate Alkene Atmospheric Oxidation
410(3)
Important Areas for Further Laboratory Studies
413(9)
Areas of Greatest Uncertainty in the Mechanisms of the Atmospheric Oxidation of Alkenes
414(6)
A Qualitative Prioritization of the Research Efforts in Areas Suggested for Further Studies
420(2)
Summary
422(8)
Importance of Alkenes in the Chemistry of Ozone Generation in the Urban Atmosphere
422(1)
Reactions of Alkenes with the OH Radical
423(1)
Reactions of Alkenes with the NO3 Radical
424(1)
Reactions of Alkenes with O3
425(2)
Reactions of Alkenes with O(3P)-Atoms and NO2
427(1)
Rate Coefficients of OH, NO3, and O3 Reactions with the First-Generation Atmospheric Oxidation Products of Alkenes
427(1)
Primary Photochemical Processes in Some Important Light-Absorbing Products of the Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkenes
428(1)
Application of Findings to the Modeling of Alkene Atmospheric Chemistry
428(1)
Important Areas for Further Laboratory Studies
429(1)
References 430(27)
Appendix A Nomenclature and Molecular Structure of the Alkenes 457(32)
Appendix B Nomenclature and Structure of Some Major Products of Alkene Atmospheric Oxidation Processes 489(32)
Author Index 521(14)
Subject Index 535

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