| Preface |
|
xix | |
|
Natural Resources: An Overview |
|
|
1 | (16) |
|
Natural Resources Defined |
|
|
1 | (4) |
|
Abiotic and biotic resources |
|
|
2 | (1) |
|
|
|
2 | (1) |
|
Resource consumption, use, and renewal |
|
|
2 | (3) |
|
Natural Resource Management |
|
|
5 | (2) |
|
|
|
5 | (1) |
|
Private and public resource management |
|
|
5 | (1) |
|
An integrated approach to management |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
The Need for Natural Resource Management |
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
The human population increase |
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
|
|
8 | (4) |
|
|
|
9 | (3) |
|
An Optimistic View of the Future |
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
Other Sources of Information |
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
|
|
13 | (4) |
|
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
Air, water, and land resources |
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
The land-based renewable resources |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
The wild living resources |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
The mineral and energy resources |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
Integration of natural resources management |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
|
|
15 | (2) |
| SECTION 1 MANAGEMENT FOUNDATIONS |
|
17 | (132) |
|
The Historical Perspective |
|
|
19 | (41) |
|
Colonization (up to 1776) |
|
|
19 | (7) |
|
|
|
19 | (4) |
|
|
|
23 | (2) |
|
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
Westward Expansion (1776--1860) |
|
|
26 | (6) |
|
|
|
26 | (2) |
|
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
|
29 | (3) |
|
The Gilded Age (1861--1899) |
|
|
32 | (8) |
|
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
|
|
33 | (4) |
|
|
|
37 | (3) |
|
The Progressive Period (1900--1945) |
|
|
40 | (8) |
|
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
|
|
41 | (3) |
|
|
|
44 | (4) |
|
Neoprogressive Period (1945--Present) |
|
|
48 | (9) |
|
|
|
48 | (2) |
|
|
|
50 | (2) |
|
|
|
52 | (5) |
|
|
|
57 | (3) |
|
|
|
60 | (39) |
|
|
|
60 | (1) |
|
|
|
61 | (2) |
|
|
|
61 | (1) |
|
Distribution and dispersal |
|
|
61 | (1) |
|
Factors affecting population distribution |
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
Population habitat and physical niche |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
Population Structure and Dynamics |
|
|
63 | (2) |
|
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
|
|
63 | (2) |
|
Population Energetics, Biomass, and Production |
|
|
65 | (2) |
|
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
Production, Productivity, and P/B ratio |
|
|
67 | (1) |
|
|
|
67 | (1) |
|
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
Community Structure and Functions |
|
|
69 | (8) |
|
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
|
|
69 | (2) |
|
|
|
71 | (3) |
|
Competitive interactions within communities |
|
|
74 | (2) |
|
Interaction among biotic communities |
|
|
76 | (1) |
|
|
|
77 | (1) |
|
|
|
77 | (1) |
|
Ecosystem structure and function |
|
|
78 | (18) |
|
|
|
79 | (3) |
|
Material flow, storage, and cycling |
|
|
82 | (5) |
|
|
|
87 | (7) |
|
Ecosystem manipulators: The human component |
|
|
94 | (2) |
|
|
|
96 | (3) |
|
|
|
99 | (23) |
|
|
|
99 | (1) |
|
|
|
99 | (3) |
|
Timber versus spotted owls (Pacific NW) |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
Cheap energy versus functioning ecosystems |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
Clean air versus cheap steel |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
Endangered wolves versus livestock and wildlife |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
Endangered fish versus food |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
Hydropower versus recreation |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
Electric power versus forests |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
Mining versus recreation on public lands |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
Riparian ecosystems versus livestock |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
Choices Displace Opportunities |
|
|
102 | (6) |
|
Economics is about choices |
|
|
102 | (2) |
|
Importance of good decisions |
|
|
104 | (1) |
|
What the market mechanism does |
|
|
104 | (1) |
|
How the market solves the three problems |
|
|
104 | (2) |
|
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
The invisible hand of the market |
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
Can profit incentives protect natural resources? |
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
How markets settle conservation questions |
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
When are markets best at promoting conservation? |
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
Harnessing the Power of the Market |
|
|
109 | (3) |
|
Concepts for incentive-based pollution control |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
Marketable waste emission permit systems |
|
|
110 | (2) |
|
Applications of Incentive-Based Regulations |
|
|
112 | (2) |
|
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
Marketable permit systems |
|
|
112 | (2) |
|
Governments and Conservation |
|
|
114 | (3) |
|
How government settle conservation questions |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
Limits of government in settling conservation questions |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
Abuses of economic analysis |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
What government can do to protect natural resources |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
Why measure benefits and costs? |
|
|
116 | (1) |
|
How to Measure Benefits and Costs |
|
|
117 | (1) |
|
|
|
117 | (1) |
|
Implementation principles |
|
|
117 | (1) |
|
Implementation practices, incremental benefits and costs |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
|
|
118 | (2) |
|
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
|
|
120 | (1) |
|
|
|
120 | (1) |
|
|
|
120 | (2) |
|
Planning, Policy, and Administration |
|
|
122 | (27) |
|
Elements of Organizational Function |
|
|
122 | (2) |
|
Identifying and solving problems |
|
|
122 | (1) |
|
Forces in organizational integration |
|
|
122 | (2) |
|
General approaches to management |
|
|
124 | (1) |
|
|
|
124 | (4) |
|
Organizations as management systems |
|
|
124 | (2) |
|
Management system boundaries |
|
|
126 | (2) |
|
The Internal Management Environment |
|
|
128 | (3) |
|
Resources, use, and management |
|
|
128 | (1) |
|
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
Managing for result, not process |
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
Measuring management performance and success |
|
|
130 | (1) |
|
Public, Private, and Advocacy Systems |
|
|
131 | (2) |
|
|
|
131 | (1) |
|
|
|
131 | (1) |
|
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
|
|
133 | (2) |
|
Inventorying planning environments |
|
|
133 | (1) |
|
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
Focusing Management Intent |
|
|
135 | (3) |
|
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
|
|
137 | (1) |
|
|
|
137 | (1) |
|
|
|
137 | (1) |
|
Organizational performance evaluation |
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
Organizational Planning Boundaries |
|
|
138 | (2) |
|
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
|
|
139 | (1) |
|
Comprehensive organizational planning |
|
|
139 | (1) |
|
Regional (Geographic) Planning |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
Politically bounded planning |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
Naturally bounded planning |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
Integrated resource management planning |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
|
|
141 | (2) |
|
|
|
141 | (1) |
|
Roles of federal, state, and local governments |
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
Public and private policy |
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
U.S. Constitution and policy development |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
|
|
143 | (2) |
|
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
Organizational Administration |
|
|
145 | (2) |
|
Integrating organizational activities |
|
|
145 | (1) |
|
Information flow and authority |
|
|
145 | (2) |
|
|
|
147 | (1) |
|
|
|
147 | (1) |
|
|
|
147 | (1) |
|
|
|
148 | (1) |
| SECTION 2 AIR, WATER, AND LAND RESOURCES |
|
149 | (142) |
|
Atmospheric Resources and Climate |
|
|
151 | (27) |
|
|
|
151 | (1) |
|
Climatic Factors and Elements |
|
|
151 | (1) |
|
|
|
152 | (4) |
|
Atmospheric composition and pressure |
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
Earth latitude, shape, and rotation |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
Distribution of continents |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
|
|
155 | (1) |
|
Interactions between climatic factors |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
Vegetation as a climatic factor |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
|
|
156 | (6) |
|
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
|
|
158 | (3) |
|
|
|
161 | (1) |
|
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
Tropical wet and dry climate |
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
Climatic Types in the United States |
|
|
163 | (3) |
|
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
|
|
166 | (1) |
|
|
|
166 | (1) |
|
|
|
166 | (1) |
|
Climatic Instability and Natural Resource Management |
|
|
166 | (3) |
|
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
Climatic lessons from the past |
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
Climatic Change and Human Activities |
|
|
169 | (7) |
|
The greenhouse effect and radiation balance |
|
|
169 | (2) |
|
Global warming and fossil fuels |
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
The implications of global warming |
|
|
172 | (1) |
|
Possible strategies for managing global climate change |
|
|
173 | (1) |
|
|
|
173 | (2) |
|
|
|
175 | (1) |
|
|
|
175 | (1) |
|
|
|
176 | (2) |
|
|
|
178 | (41) |
|
|
|
178 | (2) |
|
|
|
180 | (1) |
|
|
|
180 | (1) |
|
Water Forms and Distribution |
|
|
181 | (2) |
|
|
|
181 | (1) |
|
|
|
181 | (1) |
|
|
|
182 | (1) |
|
|
|
182 | (1) |
|
|
|
182 | (1) |
|
|
|
182 | (1) |
|
Water Resources and Management |
|
|
183 | (9) |
|
|
|
183 | (1) |
|
|
|
183 | (1) |
|
What is watershed management? |
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
|
|
185 | (2) |
|
Managing land use practices |
|
|
187 | (2) |
|
Roles of wetland and riparian areas |
|
|
189 | (1) |
|
Special watershed management techniques |
|
|
190 | (2) |
|
Multipurpose Water Resource Management |
|
|
192 | (5) |
|
The water resource management agencies |
|
|
192 | (1) |
|
Integrated management objectives |
|
|
192 | (2) |
|
Water management engineering |
|
|
194 | (3) |
|
|
|
197 | (4) |
|
Types of water quality problems |
|
|
197 | (1) |
|
|
|
197 | (1) |
|
Disease-causing organisms |
|
|
198 | (1) |
|
|
|
199 | (1) |
|
Silts and suspended solids |
|
|
199 | (1) |
|
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) |
|
|
200 | (1) |
|
Salinity and other dissolved solids |
|
|
200 | (1) |
|
|
|
200 | (1) |
|
|
|
200 | (1) |
|
|
|
201 | (1) |
|
Approaches to Water Quality Management |
|
|
201 | (2) |
|
Classification of water pollution sources |
|
|
201 | (1) |
|
|
|
201 | (1) |
|
|
|
201 | (2) |
|
|
|
203 | (1) |
|
Water Uses in the United States |
|
|
203 | (4) |
|
|
|
203 | (2) |
|
|
|
205 | (2) |
|
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
Regional trends in water use and consumption |
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
Water Use Problems and Conflicts |
|
|
207 | (6) |
|
|
|
208 | (1) |
|
Water allocation and wildlife habitat |
|
|
208 | (2) |
|
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
|
|
211 | (2) |
|
Meeting Water Demand in the Twenty-First Century |
|
|
213 | (2) |
|
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
Reclamation of sewage water |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
Development of groundwater |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
Developing salt-resistant crops |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
Developing drought-resistant crops |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
|
|
214 | (1) |
|
|
|
214 | (1) |
|
Long distance water transport |
|
|
214 | (1) |
|
Improved integration of water use |
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
Water in the nation's future |
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
|
|
215 | (4) |
|
Soil: The Basic Land Resource |
|
|
219 | (27) |
|
|
|
219 | (15) |
|
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
|
|
220 | (2) |
|
|
|
222 | (2) |
|
|
|
224 | (5) |
|
|
|
229 | (2) |
|
Soil erosion in the United States |
|
|
231 | (3) |
|
|
|
234 | (7) |
|
|
|
234 | (6) |
|
Maintaining soil fertility |
|
|
240 | (1) |
|
The USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service |
|
|
241 | (1) |
|
|
|
242 | (3) |
|
|
|
245 | (1) |
|
Ecosystems of the United States |
|
|
246 | (45) |
|
|
|
246 | (1) |
|
|
|
246 | (14) |
|
|
|
246 | (7) |
|
Biomes of the United States |
|
|
253 | (7) |
|
|
|
260 | (5) |
|
|
|
260 | (3) |
|
|
|
263 | (2) |
|
|
|
265 | (6) |
|
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
|
|
266 | (1) |
|
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
Western coniferous forest |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
|
|
272 | (16) |
|
|
|
272 | (7) |
|
Stream and river ecosystems |
|
|
279 | (3) |
|
|
|
282 | (2) |
|
|
|
284 | (4) |
|
|
|
288 | (3) |
| SECTION 3 THE LAND-BASED RENEWABLE RESOURCES |
|
291 | (170) |
|
|
|
293 | (42) |
|
|
|
293 | (1) |
|
Tree Structure and Function |
|
|
294 | (2) |
|
|
|
296 | (1) |
|
|
|
297 | (5) |
|
|
|
298 | (1) |
|
Temperate deciduous forests |
|
|
299 | (1) |
|
Temperate coniferous forests |
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
Temperate broad-leaved evergreen forests |
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
Tropical evergreen forests |
|
|
300 | (2) |
|
Tropical deciduous forests |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
Forests of the United States |
|
|
302 | (4) |
|
|
|
302 | (4) |
|
Forest Land Area in the U. S. |
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
The Status of the U. S. Timber Resource |
|
|
306 | (3) |
|
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
Timber productivity across the regions |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
Who owns the nation's forests? |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
|
|
309 | (6) |
|
Forest management defined |
|
|
309 | (1) |
|
Criteria used to classify stands |
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
Age and size distribution |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
Classification based on density |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
Classification based on site quality |
|
|
313 | (1) |
|
The concept of shade tolerance |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
|
|
315 | (4) |
|
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
Cutting and reproduction methods |
|
|
315 | (4) |
|
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
Emergency Cuttings or Thinnings |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
|
|
320 | (1) |
|
|
|
320 | (1) |
|
|
|
321 | (3) |
|
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
|
|
321 | (3) |
|
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
Forest Ecosystem Management |
|
|
324 | (6) |
|
Ecosystem management defined |
|
|
324 | (2) |
|
The clear-cutting controversy |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
Ecosystem management and fire |
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
|
|
328 | (2) |
|
Forest succession and ecosystems management |
|
|
330 | (1) |
|
|
|
330 | (1) |
|
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
|
|
332 | (1) |
|
|
|
332 | (1) |
|
|
|
332 | (3) |
|
Rangeland and Range Management |
|
|
335 | (33) |
|
|
|
335 | (1) |
|
Rangeland Management Defined |
|
|
336 | (1) |
|
|
|
336 | (1) |
|
|
|
337 | (2) |
|
|
|
339 | (1) |
|
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
Grazing effects on range plants |
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
Rangeland Condition and Trend |
|
|
341 | (1) |
|
|
|
342 | (4) |
|
Comparative digestive systems |
|
|
342 | (1) |
|
Forage selection by different ungulates |
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
Comparative nutritive value of grasses, forbs, and shrubs |
|
|
343 | (2) |
|
Use of nutritional knowledge in management |
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Animal suitability for different rangelands |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
|
|
346 | (10) |
|
Importance of correct stocking rate |
|
|
346 | (2) |
|
Improving livestock distribution |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
|
|
349 | (7) |
|
Rangeland Livestock Production |
|
|
356 | (2) |
|
|
|
357 | (1) |
|
Livestock management during drought |
|
|
357 | (1) |
|
|
|
358 | (1) |
|
Controlling Rangeland Vegetation |
|
|
358 | (1) |
|
|
|
359 | (5) |
|
Importance of federal lands |
|
|
360 | (1) |
|
|
|
361 | (1) |
|
|
|
362 | (2) |
|
Range Management and the Future |
|
|
364 | (2) |
|
|
|
366 | (2) |
|
Farmland and Food Production |
|
|
368 | (24) |
|
|
|
368 | (1) |
|
|
|
369 | (1) |
|
Major Types of Agriculture |
|
|
369 | (1) |
|
|
|
370 | (2) |
|
Agriculture Problems in the United States |
|
|
372 | (5) |
|
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
Restricted water supplies |
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
Agriculture in Developing Countries |
|
|
377 | (2) |
|
|
|
379 | (3) |
|
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
|
|
382 | (7) |
|
Farm programs in other countries |
|
|
387 | (1) |
|
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
Eliminating Government Involvement in Agriculture: The New Zealand Case |
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
|
|
390 | (2) |
|
|
|
392 | (28) |
|
|
|
392 | (1) |
|
|
|
393 | (2) |
|
The Importance of Outdoor Recreation |
|
|
395 | (1) |
|
Attributes of Outdoor Recreation |
|
|
395 | (1) |
|
Resource Conflicts and Resolution |
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
|
|
397 | (2) |
|
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
Federal Recreational Management |
|
|
399 | (4) |
|
|
|
399 | (1) |
|
|
|
400 | (3) |
|
Federal water resources agencies |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
Other Recreational Management |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
State and local government |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
Private recreation opportunities and tourism |
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
Recreational Challenges on Public Lands |
|
|
404 | (6) |
|
Importance of public land recreation |
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
Subdividing private grazing lands |
|
|
404 | (2) |
|
Agriculture on the urban interface |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
Scenic beauty and range management |
|
|
406 | (2) |
|
Public opinion and management of federal rangelands |
|
|
408 | (1) |
|
|
|
408 | (1) |
|
Managing recreation costs on public lands |
|
|
408 | (2) |
|
Conflict resolution in multiple-use decisions |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
Outdoor Recreational Management |
|
|
410 | (5) |
|
Interfacing people with resources |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
|
411 | (1) |
|
Integrative management planning |
|
|
412 | (1) |
|
Recreational resource managers |
|
|
412 | (1) |
|
|
|
413 | (1) |
|
Natural resource management |
|
|
414 | (1) |
|
Information service management |
|
|
415 | (1) |
|
Future Demands for Outdoor Recreation |
|
|
415 | (2) |
|
|
|
417 | (3) |
|
Urban Land-Use Management |
|
|
420 | (41) |
|
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
Resources and services expectations |
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
|
|
421 | (7) |
|
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
Integrating urban form with natural functions |
|
|
425 | (3) |
|
Development of Urban Infrastructure |
|
|
428 | (6) |
|
Public and private partnership |
|
|
428 | (2) |
|
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
|
|
431 | (1) |
|
|
|
432 | (1) |
|
|
|
433 | (1) |
|
|
|
434 | (2) |
|
|
|
434 | (1) |
|
|
|
435 | (1) |
|
The role of the automobile |
|
|
435 | (1) |
|
Urban Sprawl and Downtown Renewal |
|
|
436 | (2) |
|
|
|
438 | (3) |
|
Historic land-use development |
|
|
438 | (3) |
|
Contemporary Urban Land-Use Planning |
|
|
441 | (3) |
|
|
|
441 | (1) |
|
Nongovernment stakeholders |
|
|
442 | (1) |
|
Government role in planning |
|
|
442 | (2) |
|
Managing the Urban Ecosystem |
|
|
444 | (14) |
|
Integrating urban ecosystem services |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
|
|
445 | (4) |
|
|
|
449 | (5) |
|
|
|
454 | (4) |
|
Regional Planning Challenges |
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
|
|
458 | (3) |
| SECTION 4 THE WILD LIVING RESOURCES |
|
461 | (88) |
|
Wildlife Conservation and Management |
|
|
463 | (41) |
|
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
Wildlife Values and Conflicts |
|
|
463 | (2) |
|
The controversial resource |
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
The professional concept of wildlife |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
The public concept of wildlife |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
Management Philosophy: Wildlife Conservation |
|
|
466 | (3) |
|
|
|
467 | (2) |
|
Historical and Legislative Perspectives of Wildlife Conservation |
|
|
469 | (12) |
|
|
|
469 | (3) |
|
|
|
472 | (2) |
|
|
|
474 | (2) |
|
Management perspectives in the twentieth century |
|
|
476 | (4) |
|
Threatened and endangered species |
|
|
480 | (1) |
|
Responsibilities of a Wildlife Manager |
|
|
481 | (4) |
|
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
Population assessment and management |
|
|
482 | (1) |
|
Habitat assessment and management |
|
|
483 | (1) |
|
Resource demand assessment and management |
|
|
483 | (1) |
|
Resource user satisfaction |
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
Contemporary Concepts in Wildlife Management |
|
|
485 | (12) |
|
Managing wildlife supply and demand |
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
Categorizing wildlife for management |
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
|
486 | (6) |
|
Habitat management strategies |
|
|
492 | (2) |
|
Managing wildlife populations |
|
|
494 | (3) |
|
Commercialization and Wildlife Management |
|
|
497 | (3) |
|
Challenges and Trends in Wildlife Management |
|
|
500 | (2) |
|
|
|
502 | (2) |
|
Fishery Conservation and Management |
|
|
504 | (29) |
|
|
|
504 | (2) |
|
Fishing for Food and Other Goods |
|
|
506 | (8) |
|
|
|
506 | (1) |
|
|
|
507 | (1) |
|
|
|
508 | (1) |
|
|
|
508 | (3) |
|
Reaching food fishery limits |
|
|
511 | (2) |
|
The aquacultural potential |
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
|
|
514 | (2) |
|
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
Growth of sportfishing in the U. S. |
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
The Limits to sportfishing |
|
|
514 | (2) |
|
Fisheries Biodiversity Issues |
|
|
516 | (3) |
|
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
|
|
518 | (1) |
|
Fishery Science and Management |
|
|
519 | (6) |
|
Early management emphases |
|
|
519 | (1) |
|
Modern fishery management |
|
|
519 | (4) |
|
New management principles |
|
|
523 | (2) |
|
|
|
525 | (8) |
|
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
Bioassessment and management |
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
Habitat assessment and management |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
Resource demand assessment and management |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
Resource user satisfaction |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
Management administration |
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
|
530 | (3) |
|
Biodiversity and Endangered Species Management |
|
|
533 | (16) |
|
|
|
533 | (1) |
|
|
|
534 | (4) |
|
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
The need for international cooperation |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
The escalating loss of biodiversity |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
Biodiversity services and value |
|
|
536 | (2) |
|
|
|
538 | (5) |
|
What are endangered species? |
|
|
538 | (1) |
|
|
|
539 | (4) |
|
Endangered Species Policy and Management |
|
|
543 | (3) |
|
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
Habitat conservation plans |
|
|
544 | (1) |
|
Management needed to maintain biodiversity |
|
|
545 | (1) |
|
|
|
546 | (1) |
|
|
|
547 | (2) |
| SECTION 5 THE MINERAL AND ENERGY RESOURCES |
|
549 | (82) |
|
|
|
551 | (21) |
|
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
|
|
551 | (7) |
|
The realm of minerals and rocks |
|
|
551 | (2) |
|
|
|
553 | (1) |
|
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
|
|
556 | (1) |
|
Mineral distribution and abundance |
|
|
557 | (1) |
|
Strategic and critical minerals |
|
|
558 | (1) |
|
Mining and Mineral Extraction |
|
|
558 | (4) |
|
|
|
558 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
|
|
561 | (1) |
|
Important Metallic Minerals |
|
|
562 | (5) |
|
|
|
562 | (1) |
|
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
|
|
564 | (2) |
|
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
Environmental Concerns with Mining Activities |
|
|
567 | (3) |
|
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
|
|
567 | (2) |
|
|
|
569 | (1) |
|
Future mineral availability |
|
|
569 | (1) |
|
|
|
570 | (2) |
|
Nonrenewable Energy Resources |
|
|
572 | (33) |
|
|
|
572 | (1) |
|
|
|
572 | (6) |
|
|
|
572 | (1) |
|
|
|
573 | (2) |
|
|
|
575 | (1) |
|
Energy in the home, business, and industry |
|
|
576 | (1) |
|
Energy used for transportation |
|
|
577 | (1) |
|
|
|
578 | (21) |
|
|
|
578 | (6) |
|
|
|
584 | (8) |
|
|
|
592 | (7) |
|
Nonrenewable Energy and the Environment |
|
|
599 | (4) |
|
|
|
599 | (3) |
|
|
|
602 | (1) |
|
Environmental degradation |
|
|
602 | (1) |
|
|
|
603 | (1) |
|
|
|
603 | (2) |
|
Renewable Energy: The Sustainable Path to a Secure Energy Future |
|
|
605 | (26) |
|
|
|
605 | (2) |
|
|
|
607 | (19) |
|
|
|
607 | (4) |
|
|
|
611 | (4) |
|
|
|
615 | (2) |
|
|
|
617 | (4) |
|
|
|
621 | (3) |
|
Additional renewable energy sources |
|
|
624 | (2) |
|
|
|
626 | (2) |
|
|
|
628 | (3) |
| SECTION 6 INTEGRATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT |
|
631 | (58) |
|
Natural Resources and International Development |
|
|
633 | (11) |
|
Problems with Third World Development |
|
|
633 | (6) |
|
|
|
634 | (1) |
|
|
|
635 | (1) |
|
Democratic form of government |
|
|
635 | (1) |
|
|
|
636 | (1) |
|
Protection of property rights |
|
|
636 | (1) |
|
Opportunity for social and economic mobility |
|
|
637 | (1) |
|
Level of economic growth exceeds level of population growth |
|
|
637 | (2) |
|
|
|
639 | (1) |
|
|
|
639 | (2) |
|
Natural Resources versus Entrepreneurship |
|
|
641 | (1) |
|
|
|
641 | (2) |
|
|
|
643 | (1) |
|
Economics and Economic Systems |
|
|
644 | (24) |
|
|
|
644 | (1) |
|
Basic Economic Principles |
|
|
644 | (6) |
|
|
|
645 | (1) |
|
The Marx alternative to markets |
|
|
646 | (1) |
|
|
|
647 | (1) |
|
The most successful economy in the world |
|
|
648 | (2) |
|
Problems with Market Economies: The Business Cycle |
|
|
650 | (8) |
|
Stages of the business cycle |
|
|
651 | (2) |
|
Depressions in the United States |
|
|
653 | (2) |
|
Keynesian economic approach |
|
|
655 | (2) |
|
The economy of the 1980s and 1990s |
|
|
657 | (1) |
|
Creative Destruction and Human Progress |
|
|
658 | (2) |
|
Problems with Centrally Planned Economies |
|
|
660 | (2) |
|
Environmental problems in the former Soviet Union |
|
|
661 | (1) |
|
The collapse of communism |
|
|
661 | (1) |
|
Problems with Mixed Economies |
|
|
662 | (2) |
|
Importance of International Trade and Competition |
|
|
664 | (2) |
|
|
|
664 | (1) |
|
International competition |
|
|
665 | (1) |
|
Economies in the Twenty-First Century |
|
|
666 | (1) |
|
|
|
666 | (2) |
|
Sustainable Development, Technology, and the Future |
|
|
668 | (21) |
|
|
|
668 | (2) |
|
|
|
670 | (1) |
|
Defining sustainable development |
|
|
670 | (1) |
|
National sustainable development goals |
|
|
670 | (1) |
|
National Strategies for Sustainable Development |
|
|
671 | (4) |
|
Sustainable development and conservation |
|
|
672 | (1) |
|
Information deficiencies and sustainable development |
|
|
672 | (1) |
|
Sustainable development in U. S. river corridors |
|
|
673 | (1) |
|
Land control and sustainable development |
|
|
674 | (1) |
|
|
|
675 | (3) |
|
Defining ecosystem management |
|
|
675 | (1) |
|
Integrating resources management into ecosystems management |
|
|
676 | (1) |
|
Ecosystem health and adaptive management |
|
|
677 | (1) |
|
|
|
678 | (3) |
|
The importance of computers |
|
|
678 | (1) |
|
|
|
678 | (1) |
|
|
|
679 | (1) |
|
|
|
680 | (1) |
|
|
|
680 | (1) |
|
|
|
681 | (1) |
|
|
|
681 | (4) |
|
|
|
685 | (4) |
| Glossary |
|
689 | (32) |
| Index |
|
721 | |
Other versions by this Author