The New American Democracy,9780321100368

The New American Democracy

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Edition: 3rd
ISBN13: 9780321100368
ISBN10: 0321100360
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2002-11-01
Publisher(s): Pearson College Div
List Price: $109.40

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Summary

With an emphasis on elections and their importance in our political system, Morris Fiorina and Paul Peterson' s groundbreaking text offers a stimulating, analytical approach to American government that engages students as it gives them a unique understanding of their political system as it exists and functions today.

Table of Contents

Contents of Boxes xxxi
To the Students xxxv
To Our Colleagues xli
Acknowledgments xlv
About the Authors xlvii
PART 1 The Foundations of a New American Democracy
1 Democracy in the United States
1(25)
Elections in America
3(3)
Half a Million Elected Officials
3(1)
Election Connection: The Broad Meaning of Electoral Influence
4(1)
Nominating Candidates and Deciding Issues
4(5)
Election Connection: Americans Vote Directly
5(1)
International Comparison: Elections in Other Democracies
6(1)
Government and Politics
6(3)
International Comparison: The Fearsome Power of Government
8(1)
Types of Government
9(3)
Government by One Person
9(1)
Government by the Few
9(1)
Government by the Many
9(2)
Popular and Responsible Democracy in the United States
11(1)
The New American Democracy
12(9)
The Permanent Campaign
12(6)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: Seven Key Developments
13(1)
Window on the Past: Why Are Democrats Called Left Wingers and Republicans Right Wingers by Their Critics?
14(4)
Minorities and Elections
18(2)
Majorities and Elections
20(1)
Reform
21(1)
Democratic Dilemma: Do Frequent Elections Guarantee Effective Government?
22(1)
Benefits of an Electoral Democracy: A Pretty Good Government
22(4)
Chapter Summary
24(1)
Key Terms
25(1)
Suggested Readings
25(1)
On the Web
25(1)
2 Establishing a Constitutional Democracy
26(32)
The Colonial and Revolutionary Era
29(6)
The Colonial Experience with Democracy
29(2)
Spread of Democratic Ideals During the Revolutionary War
31(2)
Theory of Rights and Representation
33(2)
Government After Independence
35(4)
Broadening Participation
35(1)
The Articles of Confederation (1781-1789)
36(3)
Drafting and Adopting a New Constitution
39(10)
The Constitutional Convention
39(3)
A Government of Separated Powers
42(4)
Democratic Dilemma: Should the Electoral College Be Reformed?
45(1)
The Bill of Rights
46(1)
The Anti-Federalist--Federalist Debate
47(4)
Window on the Past: "Federalist IO"
48(1)
Amendments to the Constitution
49(2)
Election Connection: Amendments to the Constitution Have Extended Liberties and Tightened the Election Connection
50(1)
The Constitution: An Assessment
51(7)
A Step Backward?
51(1)
Achievements
52(1)
The Constitution Today
52(3)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: Power Changes Hands Peace fully After the Disputed Election of 1800
53(1)
International Comparison: Constitution Making in Russia
54(1)
Chapter Summary
55(1)
Key Terms
56(1)
On the Web
56(1)
Suggested Readings
57(1)
3 Federalism: Division of Power Among National, State, and Local Governments
58(30)
The Federalism Debate: It's New But It's Old
60(4)
International Comparison: Great Britain and the United States: Unitary and Federal Governments
61(1)
The Contemporary Debate
62(1)
Federalism and the Ratification of the Constitution
63(1)
Window on the Past: Dividing a State
64(1)
The Evolution of Federal Theory
64(3)
Dual Sovereignty
65(1)
The Doctrine of Nullification
66(1)
Court Interpretations of the Meaning of Dual Sovereignty
67(4)
Necessary and Proper Clause
67(1)
Commerce Clause
68(2)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: Roosevelt's Court-Packing Plan: Power Shifts to the National Government
69(1)
Spending Clause
70(1)
State Sovereign Immunity
71(1)
Cooperative Federalism
71(8)
Categorical Grants
73(1)
Problems of Implementation
74(1)
Block Grants
75(4)
Election Connection: Federalism and the U.S. Public Health System
76(2)
Democratic Dilemma: Categorical or Block Grant: Which Is Better?
78(1)
Local Government
79(3)
The Number and Types of Local Governments
80(1)
Local Elections
80(1)
Popularity of Local Government
81(1)
Limits on Local Government
82(1)
State Government
82(6)
State Elections
83(1)
Variation in State Government Responsibilities
83(1)
Recent Developments at the State Level
84(2)
Chapter Summary
86(1)
Key Terms
86(1)
On the Web
87(1)
Suggested Readings
87(1)
4 America: Unity Amid Diversity
88(36)
International Comparison: Citizenship in the United States and Germany
91(1)
Americans: A Contradictory People?
91(1)
Social Diversity
92(11)
Window on the Past: Diverse from the Start: The American Revolution
93(1)
A Nation of Immigrants Then
94(6)
Election Connection: The Mormons and Illinois Elections
95(4)
Window on the Past: Why Is the United States Called "The Melting Pot"?
99(1)
A Nation of Immigrants Now
100(1)
Immigration as a Contemporary Issue
100(3)
Philosophical Unity
103(7)
Window on the Past: How Classical Liberalism Became Modern Liberalism
104(1)
American Individualism
105(3)
The Tension Between Individualism and Equality
108(2)
Religion and American Individualism: Contradiction or Complement?
110(2)
Why a Liberal Political Culture?
112(8)
Traditional Explanations of American Individualism
112(2)
Newer Explanations
114(4)
Election Connection: Bush Courts the Latino Vote
116(2)
Democratic Dilemma: Should Public Policy Support Multiculturalism?
118(1)
Chapter Summary
118(1)
Key Terms
118(1)
Suggested Readings
119(1)
On the Web
119(1)
Voices of the Permanent Campaign: The Politics of Affirmative Action
120(4)
PART 2 The Ingredients of the New American Democracy
5 Public Opinion
124(32)
What Is Public Opinion?
127(1)
Sources of Public Opinion
127(3)
Socialization
127(1)
Interests
128(1)
Education
128(1)
The Media
129(1)
Measuring Public Opinion
130(4)
Survey Research
130(3)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: The Birth of Modern Political Polling
131(1)
Election Connection: Exit Polls: The 2000 Florida Debacle
132(1)
Alternatives to Survey Research
133(1)
International Comparison: Polling in Other Countries
133(1)
Mismeasuring Public Opinion
134(3)
The Holocaust Poll Fiasco
134(1)
The Importance of Wording
135(2)
Characteristics of Public Opinion
137(7)
Public Opinion Often Is Uninformed
137(3)
Public Opinion Is Not Ideological
140(2)
Public Opinion Often Is Inconsistent
142(2)
The Perils of Polling: Public Opinion on Abortion
144(3)
Governing by Public Opinion?
147(5)
A Disconnect Between Public Opinion and Public Policy: Gun Control
148(4)
Democratic Dilemma: The "Intensity Problem"
152(1)
Does Public Opinion Matter?
152(4)
Chapter Summary
153(1)
Key Terms
154(1)
Suggested Readings
154(1)
On the Web
155(1)
6 Individual Participation
156(28)
A Brief History of the Franchise in the United States
158(5)
Window on the Past: The Voting Rights Act of 1965
160(3)
Why People Participate: Costs and Benefits
163(2)
Political Humor: How to Increase Voter Turnout
163(1)
Democratic Dilemma: Who Is Responsible for Low Voter Turnout?
164(1)
International Comparisons of Voter Turnout
165(8)
Personal Costs and Benefits: Registration
166(1)
Personal Costs and Benefits: Compulsion
167(1)
Other Personal Costs and Benefits
167(1)
Democratic Dilemma: Compulsory Voting or Freedom to Choose?
168(1)
Mobilization and Turnout
168(3)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: The Separation and Proliferation of Elections
169(1)
Election Connection: The Decline of Voting After 1896
170(1)
Other Forms of Participation
171(2)
Why Has American Turnout Declined?
173(4)
Lower Personal Benefits
175(1)
Declining Mobilization
175(1)
Declining Social Connectedness
176(1)
Who Votes and Who Doesn't?
177(2)
Is Low Turnout a Problem?
179(5)
Three Arguments Why Low Turnout Is Not a Problem
179(1)
Three Arguments Why Low Turnout Is a Problem
180(1)
Does Turnout Matter?
181(1)
Chapter Summary
182(1)
Key Terms
182(1)
Suggested Readings
182(1)
On the Web
183(1)
7 Interest Group Participation in American Democracy
184(30)
Interest Groups in the United States
186(5)
International Comparison: Americans Have Long Been Considered a Nation of Joiners
187(1)
Growth and Development of Groups
187(2)
The Nature and Variety of "Interest Groups"
189(2)
Democratic Dilemma: Are Your University and City Interest Groups?
190(1)
Forming and Maintaining Interest Groups
191(7)
The Free Rider Problem
192(1)
Overcoming the Free-Rider Problem
193(5)
Window on the Past: The Grange
195(3)
How Interest Groups Influence Government
198(9)
Lobbying
198(1)
Grassroots Lobbying
199(1)
Electioneering and PACs
200(3)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: The Advocacy Explosion
201(2)
Democratic Dilemma: Is It Constitutionally Permissible to Regulate Interest-Group Spending in Election Campaigns?
203(1)
Persuading the Public
203(1)
Direct Action
204(1)
Democratic Dilemma: Strange Bed fellows: The Battle for Seattle, 1999
205(1)
Litigation
205(1)
Why Groups Use Particular Tactics
206(1)
How Influential Are Interest Groups?
207(2)
Subgovernments
207(1)
Issue Networks
208(1)
Interest Groups and Democratic Politics
209(5)
Election Connection: The Role of Interest Groups in the 1984 and 1992 Presidential Campaigns
210(2)
Chapter Summary
212(1)
Key Terms
212(1)
On the Web
213(1)
Suggested Readings
213(1)
8 Political Parties
214(28)
What Parties Do
216(6)
How Parties Contribute to Democratic Politics
217(1)
How Parties Detract from Democratic Politics
218(4)
Window on the Past: Washington's Farewell Address
221(1)
The Balance Sheet
222(1)
Political Parties in American History
222(8)
The Party-Systems Interpretation of American History
223(11)
Window on the Past: The Tammany Machine
225(2)
Election Connection: A Third Party Comes in Second: 1912
227(1)
Window on the Past: The Progressives
228(1)
Democratic Dilemma: Is Unified Government Better than Divided Government?
229(1)
Two-Party and Multi-Party Systems
230(4)
Election Connection: Third Parties and the 2000 Election
232(1)
International Comparison: Some Examples of Multi-Party Democracies
233(1)
How Strong Are American Parties Today?
234(5)
The Decline of Party Organizations
235(1)
The Revival of Party Organizations?
236(3)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: "The Soft-Money" Race
238(1)
Parties Versus Interest Groups
239(3)
Chapter Summary
239(1)
Key Terms
240(1)
Suggested Readings
240(1)
On the Web
241(1)
9 The Media
242(36)
Development of the Mass Media
245(9)
Newspapers and Magazines
246(2)
Window on the Past: Muckrakers
247(1)
Radio
248(1)
Television
249(1)
New Media
249(3)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: TV and the 1960 Presidential Election
250(2)
Government Regulation of the Electronic Media
252(2)
What Information Sources Do Americans Rely On?
254(1)
Media Effects
255(3)
Agenda Setting
255(1)
Priming
256(1)
Persuasion
257(1)
How Strong Are Media Effects?
257(1)
Media Biases
258(8)
Ideological Bias
258(4)
Election Connection: The 2000 Presidential Debates
261(1)
Selection Bias
262(1)
Professional Bias
263(1)
Political Humor: Do the Media Give Us What We Want?
263(1)
Prospects for Change
264(2)
Democratic Dilemma: What Is the Appropriate Role of the Media?
265(1)
International Comparison: Al Jazeera-A Free Press?
266(1)
The Media and Electoral Politics
266(3)
Campaign Coverage
266(1)
The Conventions
267(1)
The Presidential Debates
268(1)
Media Coverage of Government
269(4)
Emphasis on the President (and Other Personalities)
269(1)
Emphasis on Conflict
269(1)
Emphasis on Scandals and Gaffes
270(1)
Emphasis on the Negative
270(1)
Exaggerated Concern with the Press
270(1)
Chapter Summary
271(1)
Key Terms
271(1)
Suggested Readings
271(1)
On the Web
272(1)
Voices of the Permanent Campaign: Cultural Politics in America
273(5)
PART 3 Campaigns and Elections
10 Electing the President
278(39)
Nominating a Presidential Candidate
280(12)
Caucuses
281(1)
Primaries
282(1)
Evolution of the Nomination Process
282(2)
Democratic Dilemma: Can States Adopt Blanket Primaries?
283(1)
Financing Nomination Campaigns
284(1)
Strengths and Weaknesses of the Nomination Process
284(7)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: The (Marathon) Race for the Presidential Nomination
285(6)
Who Nominates the Vice-President?
291(1)
Democratic Dilemma: How Should the Vice-President Be Selected?
291(1)
The General Election for President
292(6)
Financing the General-Election Campaign
292(1)
Spending in the General-Election Campaign
293(3)
Election Connection: Soft Money: Abuse and Reform
294(1)
International Comparison: Campaign Financing in Other Democracies
295(1)
Designing General-Election Campaign Strategy: The Electoral College
296(2)
Voting Behavior in Presidential Elections
298(6)
When Americans Decide
298(1)
How Americans Decide
299(4)
Limited Media Influence on Presidential Elections
303(1)
The Contemporary Presidential Election Scene
304(13)
The 1970's and 1980's: Republican "Lock"
305(2)
The 1990's: Democratic Resurgence
307(3)
The Y2K Election
310(1)
Political Humor: Campaign Finance
310(1)
Looking Ahead to 2004
311(1)
Chapter Summary
312(1)
Key Terms
312(1)
Suggested Readings
312(1)
On the Web
313(1)
Choosing the Congress
314(3)
11 The Electoral Evolution of the Congress
317(33)
Reapportionment and Redistricting
318(1)
Democratic Dilemma: Why Not Senate Districts?
319(1)
The Congressional Nomination Process
319(1)
Contemporary House Elections
320(9)
Party Decline
320(1)
Growth in Importance of "Representative" Behavior
321(2)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: The Rise of Candidate-Centered Politics
322(1)
Expanding Member Resources
323(3)
Campaign Funds
326(2)
More Responsive Incumbents
328(1)
Political Humor: Tongue-in-Cheek Fund Raising
328(1)
Contemporary Senate Elections
329(3)
Party Competition
330(1)
Uncontrolled Information
330(1)
Better Challengers
331(1)
High Ambitions
331(1)
National Forces in Congressional Elections
332(4)
National Forces in the 1990's: A New Era?
333(1)
Congressional Elections in the 2000's: Neck and Neck
334(1)
Why Have National Forces Grow Stronger?
335(1)
Election Connection: Independent Expenditures in the 1996 House Elections
335(1)
Do Congressional Elections Produce a Representative Body?
336(9)
Women
337(1)
Minorities
338(4)
International Comparison: Women in Politics
339(2)
Democratic Dilemma: Should Affirmative Action Redistricting Be Required?
341(1)
Elections, Parties, and Group Representation
342(1)
Chapter Summary
343(1)
Key Terms
343(1)
Suggested Readings
343(1)
On the Web
344(1)
Voices of the Permanent Campaign: The Politics of Campaign Finance
345(5)
PART 4 The Government
12 The Congress and Its Work
350(30)
Congress-The First Branch
353(2)
Political Humor: The 2002 Farm Security Act
354(1)
The Organization of Congress: Parties and Committees
355(14)
The Congressional Parties
356(7)
International Comparison: Presidential Versus Parliamentary Systems of Government
356(2)
Window on the Past: When Speakers Ruled the House
358(4)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: Partisan Politics of Personal Destruction
362(1)
The Committee System
363(9)
Democratic Dilemma: Piles of Pork
368(1)
How a Bill Becomes a Law
369(3)
Evaluating Congress
372(8)
Criticisms of Congress
372(3)
Democratic Dilemma: Delegates or Trustees?
373(2)
Why Americans Like Their Members of Congress So Much More Than Congress Itself
375(2)
Reforming Congress: Limit Their Terms?
377(1)
Chapter Summary
378(1)
Key Terms
379(1)
Suggested Readings
379(1)
On the Web
379(1)
13 The Presidency: Powers and Practice
380(32)
Presidential Constituencies
382(4)
National Constituency
382(1)
Partisan Constituencies
383(1)
Partisan Support in Congress
383(3)
International Comparison: U.S. Presidents and British Prime Ministers
384(1)
Democratic Dilemma: Is Divided Government Good or Bad?
385(1)
Election Connection: George W. Bush and the 2002 Congressional Campaign
386(1)
Separate Institutions Sharing Power
386(19)
The Power to Inform and Persuade
387(2)
The Veto Power
389(2)
The Appointment Power
391(3)
The Power to Recommend
394(3)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: Roosevelt's First Hundred Days Set the Standard for Presidential Success
396(1)
The President as Chief of State
397(4)
International Comparison: The Chief of State in Other Countries
398(3)
Inherent Executive Power
401(2)
The Impeachment Power
403(2)
Presidential Expectations and Presidential Performance
405(7)
Presidential Reputations
405(1)
Presidential Popularity
405(3)
Window on the Past: Lincoln, the Great Machiavellian
406(2)
Great Presidents
408(2)
Chapter Summary
410(1)
Key Terms
410(1)
Suggested Readings
411(1)
On the Web
411(1)
14 The Bureaucracy
412(32)
The Role of the Bureaucracy
414(2)
The Bureaucracy Problem
416(3)
Impossibility of Tasks
416(1)
Difficulty Measuring Performance
417(1)
Expansionary Tendencies
417(1)
Slow to Change
417(1)
Red Tape
418(1)
American Bureaucracies: Particularly Political
419(9)
Difficult Beginnings
419(1)
Mountains of Patronage
420(1)
Advantages of the Spoils System
420(2)
Disadvantages of the Spoils System
422(1)
Erosion of the Spoils System
423(1)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: The Election of 1828: Patronage Becomes a Major Part of American National Politics
424(1)
Political Appointees Today
424(4)
International Comparison: Political Versus Professional Bureaucrats
426(1)
Democratic Dilemma: Should Bureaucratic Leaders Be Professional Experts or Loyal Partisans?
427(1)
The President and the Bureaucracy
428(4)
The Cabinet
428(1)
Independent Regulatory Agencies
429(2)
Office of Management and Budget
431(1)
Congress and the Bureaucracy
432(6)
Senate Confirmations
432(2)
Agency Reorganization
434(1)
Legislative Detail
434(1)
Budgetary Control
435(1)
Election Connection: Congressional Legislation: A Matter of Detail
436(1)
Legislative Oversight
436(1)
Iron Triangles and Issue Networks
436(2)
Elections and the Bureaucracy
438(6)
Bureaucratic Secrecy
439(1)
Bureaucratic Coercion
440(1)
Agency Expansion
440(1)
Administrator Caution
441(1)
Compromised Capacity
441(1)
Muddling Through
441(1)
Chapter Summary
442(1)
Key Terms
443(1)
Suggested Readings
443(1)
On the Web
443(1)
15 The Courts
444(40)
Judicial Review
446(6)
Origins of Judicial Review
447(1)
Three Theories of Constitutional Interpretation
447(3)
Window on the Past: Marbury v. Madison
448(2)
Judicial Review in Practice
450(7)
Democratic Dilemma: Should the Supreme Court Have the Power of Judicial Review?
451(1)
The Politics of Supreme Court Appointments
452(5)
Window on the Past: Nominees Refuse to Testify Before the Senate on Constitutional Questions
453(2)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: Judicial Nominations Became Part of the Permanent Campaign
455(1)
Election Connection: The Thomas Nomination and the "Year of the Woman"
456(1)
The Federal Court System
457(6)
District Courts
457(2)
Appeals Courts
459(1)
Specialized Courts
459(1)
International Comparison: Statutory Interpretation in the United States and Britain
460(1)
Powers of the Courts
460(1)
Selection of Federal Judges
461(1)
Deciding to Prosecute
462(1)
State Courts
463(3)
State Trial Courts: The Judicial Workhorses
463(1)
Prosecuting State Cases
464(1)
Relations Between State and Federal Courts
465(1)
The Supreme Court in Action
466(6)
Stare Decisis
466(1)
Certs
467(1)
The Role of the Chief Justice
468(1)
The Role of the Solicitor General
468(1)
The Role of Clerks
468(1)
Supreme Court Decision Making
469(2)
Voting on the Supreme Court
471(1)
Checks on Court Power
472(2)
Constitutional Amendment
473(1)
Statutory Revision
473(1)
Nonimplementation
473(1)
Litigation as a Political Strategy
474(4)
Chapter Summary
475(1)
Key Terms
476(1)
Suggested Readings
476(1)
On the Web
477(1)
Voices of the Permanent Campaign: The Politics of the New Department of Homeland Security
478(6)
PART 5 Civil Liberties and Civil Rights
16 Civil Liberties
484(34)
Origins of Civil Liberties in the United States
486(4)
Origins of the Bill of Rights
486(1)
Few Liberties Before the Civil War
487(2)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: The Passage of the Bill of Rights Assures Personal Freedoms Essential to Democracy
488(1)
Applying the Bill of Rights to State Governments
489(1)
Freedom of Speech, Press, and Assembly
490(12)
Free Speech and Majoritarian Democracy
490(1)
Origins of Freedom of Speech
491(1)
Clear and Present Danger Doctrine 49I
Democratic Dilemma: Do Campus Speech Codes Unduly Restrict Free Speech?
492(1)
Fighting Words Doctrine
493(1)
Balancing Doctrine
493(2)
Window on the Past: Sacrificing Liberties for Security-Civil Liberties in World War II
494(1)
Fundamental Freedoms Doctrine
495(4)
Election Connection: Watergate and the Elections of 1912, 1974, and 1976
496(1)
Limitations on Free Speech
497(2)
Freedom of Religion
499(3)
Establishment of Religion Clause
499(1)
Free Exercise of Religion Clause
500(1)
Establishment of Religion or Free Exercise?
501(1)
Democratic Dilemma: Do School Vouchers Establish a Religion or Permit the Free Exercise of Religion?
502(1)
Law, Order, and the Rights of Suspects
502(9)
Election Politics and Criminal Justice
503(2)
International Comparison: United States Has Much Higher Murder, But Not Burglary, Rates Than Most Other Countries
505(1)
Search and Seizure
505(1)
Immunity Against Self-Incrimination
506(2)
Democratic Dilemma: Can Crime Be Reduced While Protecting Civil Liberties?
507(1)
Impartial Jury
508(1)
Legal Counsel
508(1)
Double Jeopardy
509(1)
Rights in Practice: Habeas Corpus
509(1)
Rights in Practice: The Plea Bargain
510(1)
International Comparison: The United States Has Higher Incarceration Rates Than Other Countries
511(1)
The Right of Privacy
511(7)
Regulation of Sexual Behavior
512(1)
Window on the Past: Court Reasoning in Roe v. Wade
513(1)
Abortion: Right to Life or Right to Choose?
513(1)
Privacy in the Information Age
514(2)
Chapter Summary
516(1)
Key Terms
516(1)
Suggested Readings
516(1)
On the Web
517(1)
17 Civil Rights
518(38)
Origins of Civil Rights
520(7)
Conflict Over Civil Rights After the Civil War
521(1)
Early Court Interpretations of Civil Rights
522(1)
Blacks Get Electoral Power
523(1)
Awakening the Supreme Court to Civil Rights
524(3)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: In 1948 Blacks Gain Influence in National Elections for the First Time
525(1)
Window on the Past: The Evolution of Civil Rights Has Been Accompanied by Changes in Language
526(1)
Redefining the Equal Protection Clause
527(9)
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
527(1)
Civil Rights After Brown
528(3)
Decline in Strength of the Civil Rights Movement
531(1)
Supreme Court No Longer Forges Ahead
532(1)
Affirmative Action
533(2)
Democratic Dilemma: Is Affirmative Action Good for Democracy?
534(1)
Elections, Courts, and Civil Rights: An Appraisal
535(1)
International Comparison: Blacks in Britain
535(1)
Civil Rights of Other Minorities
536(5)
Latinos
537(1)
Asian Americans
538(1)
Gays and Lesbians
539(2)
Election Connection: Gay and Lesbian Activism in 1992 and the Controversy Over Gays in the Military
540(1)
Native Americans
541(1)
Women's Rights
541(6)
The Right to Equality Before the Law
542(2)
Window on the Past: The Civil Rights of Women and African Americans-Cooperation and Conflict
543(1)
Initial Court Response to Women's Rights
544(1)
Discrimination in the Workplace
545(1)
Sexual Harassment
545(1)
Single-Sex Schools and Colleges
546(1)
The Future of Omen's Rights
546(1)
Americans with Disabilities
547
Chapter Summary
549(1)
Key Terms
549(1)
Suggested Readings
549(1)
On the Web
550
Voices of the Permanent Campaign: The Politics of the Death Penalty
55(501)
PART 6 Public Policy
18 Domestic Policy
556(34)
Types of Public Policy
558(2)
Stages of Policy Making
558(2)
Social Policy
560(14)
Social Insurance for Senior Citizens
56(511)
Window on the Past: Social Security and the Election of 1964
562(4)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: The Clinton Administration Fails to Pass Its Health Care Plan
566(1)
Public Assistance to Poor Families
567(7)
International Comparison: Babies Born Out of Wedlock
572(2)
Education Policy
574(4)
Local Control
574(1)
Development of Public Education
575(1)
Contemporary Issues in Education Policy
575(3)
International Comparison: Student Learning and School Expenditures
576(2)
Politics of Education
578(1)
Regulation
578(12)
The Rise of Federal Regulation
579(2)
Justifications for Regulation
581(2)
Politics of Regulation
583(2)
Election Connection: The Spotted Owl Dispute
585(1)
Deregulation
585(2)
Democratic Dilemma: How Much Regulation Is Needed?
586(1)
Chapter Summary
587(1)
Key Terms
587(1)
On the Web
588(1)
Suggested Readings
588(2)
19 Economic Policy
590(30)
Economic Growth and the Business Cycle
592(1)
Economic Conditions and Political Fortunes
593(3)
Election Connection: Jimmy Carter Links Presidential Fortunes to Economic Trends
594(2)
Election Connection: George W. Bush and United States Steel Policy
596(1)
Fiscal Policy
596(7)
Use of the Budget Deficit
597(1)
Window on the Past: Constructing the 2000 Federal Budget
598(1)
Decline of Fiscal Policy
598(5)
Monetary Policy: The Federal Reserve System 60I
The Fed Chair
603(1)
Who Controls the Fed?
603(6)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: Bill Clinton Depoliticizes the Federal Reserve by Reappointing Alan Greenspan
604(4)
Democratic Dilemma: An Independent Federal Reserve
608(1)
Deficits and Surpluses
609(1)
The "T" Word: Taxes
609(5)
The Tax Burden
609(2)
The Tax Base
611(1)
Tax Progressivity
612(1)
Tax Reform
612(2)
The U.S. Economy: An International Comparison
614(6)
Taxes
614(1)
National Debt
615(1)
Employment Opportunities
615(2)
Inequality
617(1)
Chapter Summary
617(1)
Key Terms
618(1)
On the Web
618(1)
Suggested Readings
619(1)
20 Foreign and Defense Policy
620(39)
Elections, Presidents, and Foreign Policy
622(6)
Need for Fast Action
623(1)
Voters' Focus on Presidents
623(2)
Limited Role of Interest Groups
625(3)
Milestone on the Road to the Permanent Campaign: A Hostage Crisis Teaches Presidents That Foreign Policy Success Must Be Swift and Sure
626(1)
Election Connection: Foreign Policy Success Comes Too Soon
627(1)
Congressional Role
628(1)
Foreign Policy Responsibilities of the President and Congress
628(5)
War Power
629(1)
War Powers Resolution
630(1)
Treaty Power
631(2)
Institutions Responsible for Foreign Policy
633(8)
The Cold War
634(1)
State Department
634(2)
Defense Department
636(1)
Central Intelligence Agency
637(3)
Window on the Past: U.S. Military Operation in Afghanistan Exceeded Expectations
639(1)
National Security Council
640(1)
Ideals and Interests in American Foreign Policy
641(11)
The Democratic Ideal
642(1)
National Interests
642(1)
Latin America
643(2)
International Comparison: United States Lucky in War
644(1)
The Impact of the Campaign Against Terror on Contemporary Foreign Policy Issues
645(3)
Window on the Past: Idealism, Realism, and the United States in the Philippines
646(2)
Democratic Dilemma: Should U.S. Foreign Policy Focus on Promoting Human Rights and Democratic Practices or on Defending U.S. Interests?
648(1)
The Politics of World Trade: New Alliances?
648(2)
Chapter Summary
650(1)
Key Terms
650(1)
Suggested Readings
651(1)
On the Web
651(1)
Voices of the Permanent Campaign: The US. Politics of the Arab-Israeli Conflict
652
Appendices
I The Declaration of Independence
659(3)
II The Constitution of the United States of America
662(12)
III The Federalist No.10
674(4)
IV The Federalist No. 51
678(3)
V Presidents of the United States of America
681(2)
Glossary 683(10)
Endnotes 693(30)
Name Index 723(4)
Subject Index 727(32)
Reference Index 759(8)
Photo Credits 767

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