Nutrient Requirements of Swine

by ;
Edition: 10th
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1998-04-01
Publisher(s): Natl Academy Pr
List Price: $44.95

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Summary

The tenth edition of this essential reference presents new knowledge about the nutritional needs of swine that consider such factors as growth rate, carcass leanness, gender, health, environment, and repartitioning agents. New sections are presented on requirements for amino acids and other nutrients. In addition, an original modeling approach to arriving at energy and amino acid needs for given animals is incorporated in this revision. The book comes with a CD-ROM that allows users to create tables of nutrient requirements for swine of a specific body weight and level of productivity. Nutrient Requirements of Swinecovers: Biological concepts that underlie nutrient needs for growth and function. New data on amino acid and energy requirements and the factors that shape them. New findings on lysine and the bioavailability of amino acids. New research results on minerals and vitamins. Nutrient composition of an expanded list of feedstuffs. The role of water in swine physiology, including factors that affect the quality of drinking water. Expanded tables of feed ingredients and their nutrient composition provide bioavailability estimates, fatty acid composition of fats typically used in swine diets, and important information on estimating the amino acid content of crude protein.

Table of Contents

PREFACE vii(2)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix
OVERVIEW 1(2)
1 ENERGY
3(13)
Classification of Energy
3(2)
Gross Energy
3(1)
Digestible Energy
3(1)
Metabolizable Energy
4(1)
Net Energy
4(1)
Heat Production
5(1)
Temperature
5(1)
Activity
5(1)
Energy Requirements
5(3)
Maintenance
5(1)
Growth
6(1)
Pregnancy
6(1)
Lactation
7(1)
Developing Boars and Gilts
7(1)
Sexually Active Boars
8(1)
Energy Sources
8(2)
Sugars and Starch
8(1)
Nonstarch Polysaccharides
8(1)
Lipids
9(1)
Voluntary Feed Intake
10(1)
Suckling Pigs
10(1)
Weanling Pigs
10(1)
Growing-Finishing Pigs
10(1)
Sows
11(1)
References
11(5)
2 PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS
16(15)
Essential and Nonessential Amino Acids
16(1)
Amino Acids in Diets
17(2)
Ratios Among Amino Acids (Ideal Protein)
17(1)
Bioavailability of Amino Acids
18(1)
Amino Acid Isomers
19(1)
Amino Acid Deficiencies and Excesses
19(1)
Amino Acid Requirements
19(7)
Starting Pigs
19(5)
Growing-Finishing Pigs
24(1)
Sows
25(1)
Boars
25(1)
References
26(5)
3 MODELS FOR ESTIMATING ENERGY AND AMINO ACID REQUIREMENTS
31(16)
Overview of the Models
31(1)
Growing-Finishing Pigs
32(4)
Requirement for Lysine
32(3)
Requirements for Other Amino Acids
35(1)
Expression of Amino Acid Requirements
35(1)
Gestating Sows
36(2)
Composition of Weight Gain
37(1)
Requirement for Energy
37(1)
Requirement for Lysine
38(1)
Requirements for Other Amino Acids
38(1)
Expression of Amino Acid Requirements
38(1)
Lactating Sows
38(2)
Requirement for Energy
39(1)
Requirement for Lysine
39(1)
Requirements for Other Amino Acids
40(1)
Expression of Amino Acid Requirements
40(1)
Weanling Pigs
40(1)
Mineral and Vitamin Requirements
41(1)
Evaluation of the Models
42(2)
Growth Model
42(2)
Gestation Model
44(1)
Lactation Model
44(1)
References
44(3)
4 MINERALS
47(24)
Macro Minerals
47(4)
Calcium and Phosphorus
47(2)
Sodium and Chlorine
49(1)
Magnesium
50(1)
Potassium
51(1)
Sulfur
51(1)
Micro/Trace Minerals
51(6)
Chromium
51(1)
Cobalt
52(1)
Copper
52(1)
Iodine
53(1)
Iron
54(1)
Manganese
55(1)
Selenium
55(1)
Zinc
56(1)
References
57(14)
5 VITAMINS
71(19)
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
71(4)
Vitamin A
71(2)
Vitamin D
73(1)
Vitamin E
73(1)
Vitamin K
74(1)
Water-Soluble Vitamins
75(7)
Biotin
75(1)
Choline
76(1)
Folacin
77(1)
Niacin
78(1)
Pantothenic Acid
78(1)
Riboflavin
79(1)
Thiamin
79(1)
Vitamin B(6) (The Pyridoxines)
80(1)
Vitamin B(12)
80(1)
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
81(1)
References
82(8)
6 WATER
90(7)
Functions of Water
90(1)
Water Turnover
90(1)
Water Requirements
91(2)
Suckling Pigs
91(1)
Weanling Pigs
91(1)
Growing-Finishing Pigs
92(1)
Gestating Sows
93(1)
Lactating Sows
93(1)
Boars
93(1)
Water Quality
93(2)
References
95(2)
7 NONNUTRITIVE FEED ADDITIVES
97(6)
Additives
97(2)
Antimicrobial Agents
97(1)
Anthelmintics
98(1)
Microbial Supplements
98(1)
Oligosaccharides
98(1)
Enzymes
98(1)
Acidifiers
98(1)
Flavors
99(1)
Odor Control Agents
99(1)
Antioxidants
99(1)
Pellet Binders
99(1)
Flow Agents
99(1)
Mineral Supplements
99(1)
Carcass Modifiers
99(1)
Safety Concerns
99(1)
Regulations
100(1)
References
100(3)
8 MINIMIZING NUTRIENT EXCRETION
103(4)
References
105(2)
9 DIET FORMULATION
107(3)
Formulating a Corn-Soybean Meal Diet
107(3)
Formulation
107(3)
10 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENT TABLES
110(14)
11 COMPOSITION OF FEED INGREDIENTS
124(19)
References
142(1)
APPENDIXES 143(36)
1 Equations Used to Model the Biological Basis for Predicting Nutrient Requirements 143(5)
2 Equations for Determining Lean Growth Rate of Pigs 148(2)
3 Method to Create a Cubic Regression Equation 150(3)
4 A User's Guide for Model Application 153(18)
5 Help Screens 171(8)
AUTHORS 179(1)
INDEX 180

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