Summary
Of all the centuries in recorded history, none has seen more change, none has ended more differently than it began, than the twentieth. In 1900, Queen Victoria still ruled over England, the Imperial Manchu dynasty over China, and the Romanov Tsars over Russia. The cinema was in its infancy, radio and television still to be discovered. The first cars were on the road, but air travel existed only in earthbound imaginations. And now, as Yeats said, all is "changed utterly." In this ambitious book, twenty-four of the most distinguished scholars in the world survey the momentous events and the significant themes of the twentieth century in compact, scholarly essays. The contributors tackle political issues region by region as well as non-political topics in subjects such as physics, modernism in art, international economics, and the impact of new technologies on culture. The authors trace the continuities which have persisted over the past hundred years and analyze the changes which have marked the century's progress. Early chapters take a global overview of the century as a whole, from a variety of perspectives--demographic, scientific, economic, and cultural. Further chapters chart the century's course, continent by continent and region by region, all written by acknowledged experts. Beautifully illustrated with both color and black and white plates, and with a detailed chronology, suggestions for further reading, and a full index, The Oxford History of the Twentieth Century is an invaluable repository of information and insight about the endlessly fascinating century in which we live.
Author Biography
Michael Howard is former Regius Professor of Modern History, University of Oxford. He lives in England. Wm Roger Louis is the Kerr Professor of English History and Culture at the University of Texas at Austin.
Table of Contents
|
List of Figures and Table |
|
|
ix | |
|
|
ix | |
Abbreviations |
|
xviii | |
Foreword |
|
xix | |
PART I. THE FRAMEWORK OF THE CENTURY |
|
1 | (88) |
|
|
3 | (7) |
|
|
|
|
|
Demography and Urbanization |
|
|
10 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
The Great Reduction: Physics in the Twentieth Century |
|
|
22 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
The Expansion of Knowledge |
|
|
35 | (15) |
|
|
|
|
|
The Growth of a World Economy |
|
|
50 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
The Growth of a Global Culture |
|
|
63 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
77 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
PART II. THE EUROCENTRIC WORLD, 1900--1945 |
|
89 | (62) |
|
The European Colonial Empires |
|
|
91 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
Europe in the Age of the Two World Wars |
|
|
103 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
The Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, 1900-1945 |
|
|
117 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
The United States, 1900-1945 |
|
|
128 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
East Asia and the Emergence of Japan, 1900-1945 |
|
|
139 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
PART III. THE COLD WAR, 1945--1990 |
|
151 | (52) |
|
The Confrontation of the Superpowers, 1945-1990 |
|
|
153 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
The United States Since 1945 |
|
|
164 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
The Soviet Union and Beyond |
|
|
176 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
190 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
PART IV. THE WIDER WORLD |
|
203 | (116) |
|
|
205 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
216 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
227 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
240 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
North Africa and the Middle East |
|
|
253 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
264 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
277 | (15) |
|
|
|
|
|
The Old Commonwealth: The First Four Dominions |
|
|
292 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
Towards a World Community? The United Nations and International Law |
|
|
305 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
PART V. ENVOIT |
|
319 | (25) |
|
The Close of the Twentieth Century |
|
|
321 | (13) |
|
|
|
|
|
Towards the Twenty-First Century |
|
|
334 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
Further Reading |
|
344 | (16) |
Chronology |
|
360 | (73) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Index |
|
433 | |