The fourth Leadership Initiative in Science Education (LISE 4), "Partners in Innovation: Science Education and the Science Workforce," gathered secondary school and university educators, industry executives, leaders from professional societies, and government officials to examine the needs of the modern science workforce and the implications for science educators. CHF is pleased to publish the revised proceedings from LISE 4, so as to share the ideas imparted at the conference with a broader audience. This publication represents many points of view. Some of the ideas expressed are controversial. Some of the ideas elicited strong agreement but have never been put into action. Whether or not you attended LISE 4, the thoughts expressed here will provide fresh perspectives and insights concerning the preparation of the science workforce for the new century.