Protein-Lipid Interactions

by Mateo, C. Reyes; Gomez, Javier; Villalain, Jose; Gonzalez-Ros, Jose M.

ISBN13: 9783540852827

ISBN10: 3540852824

Format: Paperback

Pub. Date: 2008-10-01

Publisher(s): Springer Nature

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Summary

Biological membranes have long been identified as key elements in a wide variety of cellular processes including cell defense communication, photosynthesis, signal transduction, and motility; thus they emerge as primary targets in both basic and applied research. This book brings together in a single volume the most recent views of experts in the area of protein-lipid interactions, providing an overview of the advances that have been achieved in the field in recent years, from very basic aspects to specialized technological applications. Topics include the application of X-ray and neutron diffraction, infrared and fluorescence spectroscopy, and high-resolution NMR to the understanding of the specific interactions between lipids and proteins within biological membranes, their structural relationships, and the implications for the biological functions that they mediate. Also covered in this volume are the insertion of proteins and peptides into the membrane and the concomitant formation of definite lipid domains within the membrane. Book jacket.

From Lipid Phases to Membrane Protein Organizatin: Fluorescence Methodologies in the Study of Lipid-Protein Interactions	p. 1
General Background	p. 1
Fluorescence Methodologies	p. 2
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer	p. 2
Anisotropy	p. 5
Quenching	p. 7
Fluorophores in Lipid Protein Studies	p. 10
Membrane Probes	p. 10
Protein/Peptide Fluorescence	p. 12
Intrinsic Fluorescence from Aromatic Side-Chains	p. 12
Introducing and Changing the Intrinsic Fluorescence of Proteins/Peptides	p. 14
Why use Peptides?	p. 15
Relevant Problems in Lipid-Protein Interaction and Fluorescence	p. 16
Partition to the Membrane	p. 16
Protein/Peptide Aggregation	p. 18
Lipid Selectivity: the Annular Region	p. 20
Protein/Peptide Dynamics	p. 22
Protein/Peptide Topography	p. 23
Modulation of Membrane Properties	p. 25
References	p. 26
NMR of Membrane Proteins in Lipid Environments: the Bcl-2 Family of Apoptosis Regulators	p. 35
Introduction	p. 35
The Bcl-2 Family Proteins and Programmed Cell Death	p. 36
Protein Expression and Purification	p. 38
NMR in Micelles	p. 41
Determining the Structures of Proteins in Micelles	p. 42
tBid in Micelles	p. 43
NMR in Bilayer Membranes	p. 45
Bcl-XL and tBid in Bilayers	p. 45
Membrane-Associated Bcl-xL	p. 46
Membrane-Associated tBid	p. 46
Determining the Structures of Proteins in Bilayers	p. 49
Conformation of tBid in Lipid Bilayers	p. 51
Acknowledgements	p. 54
References	p. 54
X-ray and Neutron Diffraction Approaches to the Structural Analysis of Protein-Lipid Interactions	p. 63
Structure Determination by Protein Crystallography: a General Overview	p. 63
Crystal Structure Determination	p. 63
Protein Expression, Solubilization and Purification in Membrane Proteins	p. 64
Structural Analysis of Protein-Lipid Interactions by X-Ray Crystallography: Some General Remarks	p. 66
Membrane Protein Crystallization	p. 67
The "Classical" Approach	p. 67
Alternative Methods	p. 70
Diffraction Studies	p. 72
X-Ray versus Neutron Diffraction	p. 72
Neutron Diffraction with Contrast Variation	p. 72
Protein-Lipid Interactions in 3D Structures	p. 73
Integral Membrane Proteins	p. 76
General Features of Membrane Protein Structures	p. 77
Lipids Identified in the Structures	p. 79
Structural Features of Peripheral Proteins Involved in Signaling and Subcellular Targeting	p. 81
Pore-Forming Protein Toxins	p. 84
Lipases	p. 91
Hydrophobic Ligand-Binding Proteins	p. 93
Lipocalins	p. 93
Intracellular Lipid-Binding Proteins	p. 95
Serum Albumin	p. 96
Lipid-Transfer Proteins	p. 97
Conclusions and Future Prospects	p. 100
References	p. 100
The Role of Proteins in the Formation of Domains in Membranes	p. 111
Domains	p. 111
Proteins that Bind Specific Lipids	p. 113
Non-Specific Interactions of Proteins with Membranes	p. 113
Electrostatic Interactions	p. 114
Hydrophobic Interactions with Acyl Chains	p. 115
Transmembrane Helices	p. 115
Lipidation	p. 115
Juxta-Membrane Domains	p. 116
Energy Minimization as a Driving Force for Domain Formation	p. 120
References	p. 121
Lateral Membrane Structure and Lipid-Protein Interactions	p. 127
Introduction	p. 127
Lateral Lipid Organization in Membranes	p. 128
Membrane Lateral Organization and Lipid-Protein Interactions	p. 132
Lipid Domains and Protein-Protein Interactions	p. 136
Acknowledgements	p. 137
References	p. 137
The Membrane as a System: How Lipid Structure Affects Membrane Protein Function	p. 141
Introduction	p. 141
The Structure of a Lipid Bilayer	p. 141
Glycerol Backbone and Headgroup Structures	p. 142
Fatty Acyl Chain Region of the Bilayer	p. 146
How Similar is the Hydrocarbon Core of a Lipid Bilayer to that of a Simple Liquid Alkane?	p. 151
Dimensions of a Lipid Bilayer	p. 152
Mixing of Lipids in the Liquid Crystalline Phase	p. 153
Non-Bilayer Phases	p. 153
Bilayer Deformation Energies	p. 155
Lipid-Protein Interactions	p. 156
Headgroup Interactions	p. 157
Fatty Acyl Chains	p. 161
Effects of Internal Bilayer Pressures and Curvature Stress	p. 163
Extrapolation from Model Systems to Biological Membranes	p. 164
Is there a Special Role for Lipids Preferring a Non-Bilayer Phase?	p. 165
Summary	p. 168
References	p. 168
Peptide-Lipid Interaction: Shedding Light into the Mode of Action and Cell Specificity of Antimicrobial Peptides	p. 177
Introduction	p. 177
The Target of Most Antimicrobial Peptides	p. 178
How do AMPs Select Their Target Cell?	p. 180
The Role of the Membrane and Peptide Properties in the Biological Function	p. 180
Peptide Sequence and Organization in Solution and Membranes	p. 181
Peptide Hydrophobicity and Charge	p. 182
The Role of the Amphipatic Structure and its Stability	p. 182
The Role of Peptide Self-Association in Solution and/or in Membranes	p. 186
Mode of Action of AMPs	p. 188
The Barrel-Stave Model	p. 189
The Carpet Model	p. 190
Summary	p. 193
Acknowledgements	p. 193
References	p. 193
Structural and Functional Modulation of Ion Channels by Specific Lipids: from Model Systems to Cell Membranes	p. 203
Introduction	p. 203
Importance of Lipid-Protein Interactions in Ion Channel Modulation	p. 204
Hypothetical Nature of Lipid-Protein Interactions	p. 205
Influence of Lipids on nAChR Function	p. 208
nAChR Modulation by other Lipophilic Compounds	p. 211
Influence of Lipids on nAChR Structure	p. 213
PA-nAChR Interaction	p. 216
From Model in Vitro Systems to Cell Membranes: the Xenopus Oocyte as a Cell Model for the Study of Lipid-Protein Interactions	p. 219
References	p. 222
Subject Index	p. 233
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Protein-Lipid Interactions

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