Reinforced Concrete: Mechanics and Design, 6/e is a perfect text for professionals in the field who need a comprehensive reference on concrete structures and the design of reinforced concrete. Reinforced concrete design encompasses both the art and science of engineering. This book presents the theory of reinforced concrete as a direct application of the laws of statics and mechanics of materials. In addition, it emphasizes that a successful design not only satisfies design rules, but also is capable of being built in a timely fashion and for a reasonable cost. A multi-tiered approach makes Reinforced Concrete: Mechanics and Design an outstanding textbook for a variety of university courses on reinforced concrete design. Topics are normally introduced at a fundamental level, and then move to higher levels where prior educational experience and the development of engineering judgment will be required.

James K. Wight received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in civil engineering from Michigan State University in 1969 and 1970, respectively, and his Ph.D. from the University of Illinois in 1973. He has been a professor of structural engineering in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Michigan since 1973. He teaches undergraduate and graduate classes on analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures. He is well known for his work in earthquake-resistant design of concrete structures and spent a one-year sabbatical leave in Japan where he was involved in the construction and simulated earthquake testing of a full-scale reinforced concrete building. Professor Wight has been an active member of the American Concrete Institute (ACI) since 1973 and was named a Fellow of the Institute in 1984. He is currently the Senior Vice President of ACI and the immediate past Chair of the ACI Building Code Committee 318. He is also past Chair of the ACI Technical Activities Committee and Committee 352 on Joints and Connections in Concrete Structures. He has received several awards from the American Concrete Institute including the Delmar Bloem Distinguished Service Award (1991), the Joe Kelly Award (1999), the Boise Award (2002), the C.P. Siess Structural Research Award (2003 and 2009), and the Alfred Lindau Award (2008). Professor Wight has received numerous awards for his teaching and service at the University of Michigan including the ASCE Student Chapter Teacher of the Year Award, the College of Engineering Distinguished Service Award, the College of Engineering Teaching Excellence Award, the Chi Epsilon-Great Lakes District Excellence in Teaching Award, and the Rackham Distinguished Graduate Mentoring Award. He has received Distinguished Alumnus Awards from the Civil and Environmental Engineering Departments of the University of Illinois (2008) and Michigan State University (2009).

 

 

James G. MacGregor, University Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of Alberta, Canada, retired in 1993 after 33 years of teaching, research, and service, including three years as Chair of the Department of Civil Engineering. He has a B.Sc. from the University of Alberta and a M.S. and Ph.D. from the University of Illinois. In 1998 and 1999 he received a Doctor of Engineering (Hon) from Lakehead University, and in 1999 a Doctor of Science (Hon) from the University of Alberta. Dr. MacGregor is a Fellow of the Academy of Science of the Royal Society of Canada and a Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering. A Past President and Honorary Member of the American Concrete Institute, Dr. MacGregor has been an active member of ACI since 1958. He has served on ACI technical committees including the ACI Building Code Committee and its subcommittees on flexure, shear, and stability and the ACI Technical Activities Committee. This involvement and his research has been recognized by honors jointly awarded to MacGregor, his colleagues, and students. These included the ACI Wason Medal for the Most Meritorious Paper (1972, and 1999), the ACI Raymond C. Reese Medal, and the ACI Structural Research Award (1972 and 1999). His work on the developing the Strut-and-Tie model for the ACI Code was recognized by the ACI Structural Research Award (2004). In addition, he has received several ASCE Awards, including the prestigious ASCE Norman Medal with three colleagues (1983). Dr. MacGregor chaired the Canadian Committee on Reinforced Concrete Design from 1977 through 1989, moving on to chair the Standing Committee on Structural Design for the National Building Code of Canada from 1990 through 1995. From 1973 to 1976 he was a member of the Council of the Association of Professional Engineers, Geologists, and Geophysicists of Alberta. At the time of his retirement from the University of Alberta, Professor MacGregor was a principal in MKM Engineering Consultants. His last project with that firm was the derivation of site-specific load and resistance factors for an eight-mile long concrete bridge.

PREFACE xi

ABOUT THE AUTHORS xv

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1-1 Reinforced Concrete Structures

1-2 Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete 

1-3 Reinforced Concrete Members

1-4 Factors Affecting Choice of Reinforced Concrete for a Structure 

1-5 Historical Development of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete as Structural Materials

1-6 Building Codes and the ACI Code

 

CHAPTER 2 THE DESIGN PROCESS

2-1 Objectives of Design

2-2 The Design Process

2-3 Limit States and the Design of Reinforced Concrete 

2-4 Structural Safety

2-5 Probabilistic Calculation of Safety Factors

2-6 Design Procedures Specified in the ACI Building Code 

2-7 Load Factors and Load Combinations in the 2011 ACI Code 

2-8 Loadings and Actions

2-9 Design for Economy

2-10 Sustainability

2-11 Customary Dimensions and Construction Tolerances 

2-12 Inspection 

2-13 Accuracy of Calculations 

2-14 Handbooks and Design Aids 

 

CHAPTER 3 MATERIALS

3-1 Concrete 

3-2 Behavior of Concrete Failing in Compression 

3-3 Compressive Strength of Concrete

3-4 Strength Under Tensile and Multiaxial Loads 

3-5 Stress–Strain Curves for Concrete

3-6 Time-Dependent Volume Changes

3-7 High-Strength Concrete 

3-8 Lightweight Concrete

3-9 Fiber Reinforced Concrete

3-10 Durability of Concrete 

3-11 Behavior of Concrete Exposed to High and Low Temperatures 

3-12 Shotcrete

3-13 High-Alumina Cement 

3-14 Reinforcement

3-15 Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Reinforcement 

3-16 Prestressing Steel

 

CHAPTER 4 FLEXURE: BEHAVIOR AND NOMINAL STRENGTH OF BEAM SECTIONS 

4-1 Introduction 

4-2 Flexure Theory 

4-3 Simplifications in Flexure Theory for Design

4-4 Analysis of Nominal Moment Strength for Singly Reinforced Beam Sections 

4-5 Definition of Balanced Conditions 

4-6 Code Definitions of Tension-Controlled and Compression-Controlled Sections 

4-7 Beams with Compression Reinforcement

4-8 Analysis of Flanged Sections

4-9 Unsymmetrical Beam Sections 

 

CHAPTER 5 FLEXURAL DESIGN OF BEAM SECTIONS

5-1 Introduction 

5-2 Analysis of Continuous One-Way Floor Systems

5-3 Design of Singly-Reinforced Beam Sections with Rectangular Compression Zones 

5-4 Design of Doubly-Reinforced Beam Sections

5-5 Design of Continuous One-Way Slabs

 

CHAPTER 6 SHEAR IN BEAMS

6-1 Introduction 

6-2 Basic Theory

6-3 Behavior of Beams Failing in Shear

6-4 Truss Model of the Behavior of Slender Beams Failing in Shear 

6-5 Analysis and Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams for Shear–ACI Code 

6-6 Other Shear Design Methods 

6-7 Hanger Reinforcement

6-8 Tapered Beams 

6-9 Shear in Axially Loaded Members 

6-10 Shear in Seismic Regions

 

CHAPTER 7 TORSION 

7-1 Introduction and Basic Theory

7-2 Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Members Subjected to Torsion

7-3 Design Methods for Torsion

7-4 Thin-Walled Tube/Plastic Space Truss Design Method

7-5 Design for Torsion and Shear–ACI Code 

7-6 Application of ACI Code Design Method for Torsion 

 

CHAPTER 8 DEVELOPMENT, ANCHORAGE, AND SPLICING OF REINFORCEMENT

8-1 Introduction

8-2 Mechanism of Bond Transfer

8-3 Development Length

8-4 Hooked Anchorages

8-5 Headed and Mechanically Anchored Bars in Tension

8-6 Design for Anchorage

8-7 Bar Cutoffs and Development of Bars in Flexural Members 

8-8 Reinforcement Continuity and Structural Integrity Requirements

8-9 Splices

 

CHAPTER 9 SERVICEABILITY

9-1 Introduction 

9-2 Elastic Analysis of Stresses in Beam Sections 

9-3 Cracking

9-4 Deflections of Concrete Beams 

9-5 Consideration of Deflections in Design

9-6 Frame Deflections

9-7 Vibrations 

9-8 Fatigue

 

CHAPTER 10 CONTINUOUS BEAMS AND ONE-WAY SLABS

10-1 Introduction

10-2 Continuity in Reinforced Concrete Structures

10-3 Continuous Beams

10-4 Design of Girders

10-5 Joist Floors 

10-6 Moment Redistribution

 

CHAPTER 11 COLUMNS: COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

11-1 Introduction

11-2 Tied and Spiral Columns 

11-3 Interaction Diagrams 

11-4 Interaction Diagrams for Reinforced Concrete Columns 

11-5 Design of Short Columns 

11-6 Contributions of Steel and Concrete to Column Strength 

11-7 Biaxially Loaded Columns

 

CHAPTER 12 SLENDER COLUMNS

12-1 Introduction

12-2 Behavior and Analysis of Pin-Ended Columns 

12-3 Behavior of Restrained Columns in Nonsway Frames 

12-4 Design of Columns in Nonsway Frames 

12-5 Behavior of Restrained Columns in Sway Frames 

12-6 Calculation of Moments in Sway Frames Using Second-Order Analyses 

12-7 Design of Columns in Sway Frames

12-8 General Analysis of Slenderness Effects 

12-9 Torsional Critical Load   

 

CHAPTER 13 TWO-WAY SLABS: BEHAVIOR, ANALYSIS, AND DESIGN

13-1 Introduction

13-2 History of Two-Way Slabs

13-3 Behavior of Slabs Loaded to Failure in Flexure 

13-4 Analysis of Moments in Two-Way Slabs

13-5 Distribution of Moments in Slabs

13-6 Design of Slabs 

13-7 The Direct-Design Method 

13-8 Equivalent-Frame Methods 

13-9 Use of Computers for an Equivalent-Frame Analysis 

13-10 Shear Strength of Two-Way Slabs

13-11 Combined Shear and Moment Transfer in Two-Way Slabs 

13-12 Details and Reinforcement Requirements

13-13 Design of Slabs Without Beams 

13-14 Design of Slabs with Beams in Two Directions 

13-15 Construction Loads on Slabs

13-16 Deflections in Two-Way Slab Systems 

13-17 Use of Post-Tensioning 

 

CHAPTER 14 TWO-WAY SLABS: ELASTIC AND YIELD-LINE ANALYSES

14-1 Review of Elastic Analysis of Slabs 

14-2 Design Moments from a Finite-Element Analysis

14-3 Yield-Line Analysis of Slabs: Introduction 

14-4 Yield-Line Analysis: Applications for Two-Way Slab Panels 

14-5 Yield-Line Patterns at Discontinuous Corners

14-6 Yield-Line Patterns at Columns or at Concentrated Loads 

 

CHAPTER 15 FOOTINGS

15-1 Introduction 

15-2 Soil Pressure Under Footings

15-3 Structural Action of Strip and Spread Footings 

15-4 Strip or Wall Footings 

15-5 Spread Footings

15-6 Combined Footings 

15-7 Mat Foundations 

15-8 Pile Caps 

 

CHAPTER 16 SHEAR FRICTION, HORIZONTAL SHEAR TRANSFER, AND COMPOSITE CONCRETE BEAMS

16-1 Introduction

16-2 Shear Friction

16-3 Composite Concrete Beams 

 

CHAPTER 17 DISCONTINUITY REGIONS AND STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS 

17-1 Introduction

17-2 Design Equation and Method of Solution

17-3 Struts

17-4 Ties

17-5 Nodes and Nodal Zones 

17-6 Common Strut-and-Tie Models

17-7 Layout of Strut-and-Tie Models 

17-8 Deep Beams

17-9 Continuous Deep Beams 

17-10 Brackets and Corbels 

17-11 Dapped Ends

17-12 Beam–Column Joints 

17-13 Bearing Strength

17-14 T-Beam Flanges

 

CHAPTER 18 WALLS AND SHEAR WALLS

18-1 Introduction

18-2 Bearing Walls

18-3 Retaining Walls

18-4 Tilt-Up Walls 

18-5 Shear Walls

18-6 Lateral Load-Resisting Systems for Buildings

18-7 Shear Wall—Frame Interaction

18-8 Coupled Shear Walls

18-9 Design of Structural Walls–General 

18-10 Flexural Strength of Shear Walls

18-11 Shear Strength of Shear Walls 

18-12 Critical Loads for Axially Loaded Walls

 

CHAPTER 19 DESIGN FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE 

19-1 Introduction

19-2 Seismic Response Spectra

19-3 Seismic Design Requirements 

19-4 Seismic Forces on Structures 

19-5 Ductility of Reinforced Concrete Members 

19-6 General ACI Code Provisions for Seismic Design

19-7 Flexural Members in Special Moment Frames 

19-8 Columns in Special Moment Frames

19-9 Joints of Special Moment Frames

19-10 Structural Diaphragms

19-11 Structural Walls

19-12 Frame Members not Proportioned to Resist Forces Induced by Earthquake Motions 

19-13 Special Precast Structures

19-14 Foundations

APPENDIX A

APPENDIX B

INDEX