Simulation with Arena (With CD-ROM),9780072507393

Simulation with Arena (With CD-ROM)

by
Edition: 2nd
ISBN13: 9780072507393
ISBN10: 007250739X
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2000-01-01
Publisher(s): MCGRAW HILL BOOK COMPANY
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Summary

This book was the first text to be written on the Arena software, which is a very popular simulation modeling software. What makes this text the authoritative source on Arena is that it was written by the Creators of Arena themselves.

The new edition follows in the tradition of the successful first edition in its tutorial style (via a sequence of carefully crafted examples) and an accessible writing style. The updates include thorough coverage of the new version of the Arena software (Arena 4.0), a revised statistical-analysis material, and additional exercises and examples.

The CD-ROM that accompanies the book contains the Academic version of the Arena software, which features a completely new reporting environment!

Author Biography

W. David Kelton is Professor, Department of Quantitative Analysis and Operations Management, University of Cincinnati.

Table of Contents

What is Simulation?
3(16)
Modeling
3(4)
What's Being Modeled?
4(1)
How About Just Playing with the System?
5(1)
Sometimes You Can't (or Shouldn't) Play with the System
5(1)
Physical Models
6(1)
Logical (or Mathematical) Models
6(1)
What Do You Do with a Logical Model?
6(1)
Computer Simulation
7(3)
Popularity and Advantages
7(1)
The Bad News
8(1)
Different Kinds of Simulations
9(1)
How Simulations Get Done
10(3)
By Hand
10(1)
Programming in General-Purpose Languages
11(1)
Simulation Languages
11(1)
High-Level Simulators
12(1)
Where Arena Fits In
12(1)
When Simulations Are Used
13(6)
The Early Years
13(1)
The Formative Years
14(1)
The Recent Past
14(1)
The Present
15(1)
The Future
15(4)
Fundamental Simulation Concepts
19(30)
An Example
19(3)
The System
19(2)
Goals of the Study
21(1)
Analysis Options
22(2)
Educated Guessing
22(1)
Queueing Theory
23(1)
Mechanistic Simulation
24(1)
Pieces of a Simulation Model
24(5)
Entities
24(1)
Attributes
25(1)
(Global) Variables
26(1)
Resources
26(1)
Queues
26(1)
Statistical Accumulators
27(1)
Events
27(1)
Simulation Clock
28(1)
Starting and Stopping
28(1)
Event-Driven Hand Simulation
29(7)
Outline of the Action
29(1)
Keeping Track
30(2)
Carrying It Out
32(4)
Finishing Up
36(1)
Event and Process-Oriented Simulation
36(2)
Randomness in Simulation
38(4)
Random Input, Random Output
38(1)
Replicating the Example
38(2)
Comparing Alternatives
40(2)
Overview of a Simulation Study
42(1)
Exercises
43(6)
A Guided Tour Through Arena
49(52)
Starting Up
49(2)
Exploring the Arena Window
51(5)
Opening a Model
51(1)
Basic Interaction and Pieces of the Arena Window
52(2)
Moving Around and Up and Down in the Flowchart View
54(1)
Modules
55(1)
Browsing Through an Existing Model
56(19)
The Create Flowchart Module
56(2)
The Entity Data Module
58(1)
The Process Flowchart Module
59(2)
The Resource Data Module
61(1)
The Queue Data Module
62(1)
Animating Resources and Queues
62(1)
The Dispose Flowchart Module
63(1)
Connecting Flowchart Modules
64(1)
Dynamic Plots
64(2)
Dressing Things Up
66(1)
Setting the Run Conditions
66(2)
Running It
68(1)
Viewing the Reports
69(6)
Build it Yourself
75(9)
New Model Window and Basic Process Panel
75(1)
Place and Connect the Flowchart Modules
76(1)
The Create Flowchart Module
77(1)
Displays
77(1)
The Entity Data Module
78(1)
The Process Flowchart Module
78(1)
The Resource and Queue Data Modules
79(1)
Resource Animation
80(1)
The Dispose Flowchart Module
80(1)
Dynamic Plots
81(2)
Window Dressing
83(1)
The Run/Setup Dialogs
84(1)
Establishing Named Views
84(1)
More on Menus, Toolbars, Drawing, and Printing
84(9)
Menus
84(4)
Toolbars
88(3)
Drawing
91(1)
Printing
92(1)
Help!
93(1)
More on Running Models
94(1)
Summary and Forecast
95(1)
Exercises
95(6)
Modeling Basic Operations and Inputs
101(66)
An Electronic Assembly and Test System
101(17)
Developing a Modeling Approach
102(1)
Building the Model
103(12)
Running the Model
115(1)
Viewing the Results
116(2)
The Enhanced Electronic Assembly and Test System
118(15)
Expanding Resource Representation: Schedules and States
120(1)
Resource Schedules
120(4)
Resource Failures
124(2)
Frequencies
126(3)
Results of Model 4-2
129(4)
Enhancing the Animation
133(9)
Changing Animation Queues
134(2)
Changing Entity Pictures
136(1)
Adding Resource Pictures
137(2)
Adding Plots and Variables
139(3)
Input Analysis: Specifying Model Parameters and Distributors
142(15)
Deterministic vs. Random Inputs
143(1)
Collecting Data
144(1)
Using Data
145(1)
Fitting Input Distributions Via the Input Analyzer
146(7)
No Data?
153(3)
Nonstationary Arrival Processes
156(1)
Multivariate and Correlated Input Data
157(1)
Summary and Forecast
157(1)
Exercises
158(9)
Detailed Modeling and Terminating Statistical Analysis
167(92)
A Generic Call Center System
168(2)
New Modeling Issues
170(6)
Nonstationary Arrival Process
170(1)
Balking
171(1)
Three-Way Decisions
172(1)
Sets
172(1)
Variables and Expressions
173(1)
Submodels
174(1)
Costing
174(1)
Statistics and Animation
174(1)
Terminating or Steady-State
175(1)
Modeling Approach
176(2)
Building the Model
178(29)
Defining the Data
179(7)
Submodel Creation
186(2)
Increment the Time Period
188(3)
Create Arrivals and Direct to Service
191(7)
Technical Support Calls
198(4)
Technical Support Returned Calls
202(2)
Sales Calls
204(2)
Order-Status Calls
206(1)
Finding and Fixing Model Errors
207(8)
Animating the Call Center Model
215(8)
The Call Center Model for Analysis with Overall Performance Measures
223(9)
Run Conditions
223(2)
Slimming Down and Speeding Up
225(1)
Overall Performance Measures
226(6)
Statistical Analysis of Output from Terminating Simulations
232(18)
Time Frame of Simulations
232(1)
Strategy for Data Collection and Analysis
233(2)
Confidence Intervals for Terminating Systems
235(4)
Comparing Two Alternatives
239(3)
Evaluating Many Alternatives with the Process Analyzer (PAN)
242(5)
Searching for an Optimal Alternative with Optquest
247(3)
Summary and Forecast
250(1)
Exercises
250(9)
Intermediate Modeling and Steady-State Statistical Analysis
259(44)
The Electronic Assembly and Test System with Part Transfers
259(9)
Some New Arena Concepts: Stations and Transfers
260(1)
Adding the Route Logic
261(3)
Altering the Animation
264(4)
A Small Manufacturing System
268(19)
New Arena Concepts
269(1)
The Modeling Approach
270(2)
The Data Modules
272(2)
The Logic Modules
274(6)
Animation
280(3)
Verification
283(4)
Statistical Analysis of Output from Steady-State Simulations
287(9)
Warm Up and Run Length
287(4)
Truncated Replications
291(1)
Batching in a Single Run
292(3)
What To Do?
295(1)
Other Methods and Goals for Steady-State Statistical Analysis
296(1)
Summary and Forecast
296(1)
Exercises
296(7)
Entity Transfer
303(36)
Types of Entity Transfers
303(2)
The Small Manufacturing System with Resource-Constrained Transfers
305(4)
The Small Manufacturing System with Transporters
309(15)
The Modified Model 7-1 for Transporters
310(8)
Refining the Animation for Transporters
318(6)
Conveyors
324(9)
The Small Manufacturing System with Nonaccumulating Conveyors
327(5)
The Small Manufacturing System with Accumulating Conveyors
332(1)
Summary and Forecast
333(1)
Exercises
333(6)
A Sampler of Further Modeling Issues and Techniques
339(46)
Modeling Conveyors Using the Advanced Transfer Panel
339(6)
Finite Buffers at Stations
340(4)
Parts Stay on Conveyor During Processing
344(1)
More on Transporters
345(1)
Entity Reneging
346(8)
Entity Balking and Reneging
346(1)
A Service Model with Balking and Reneging
347(7)
Holding and Batching Entities
354(7)
Modeling Options
354(1)
A Batching Process Example
355(6)
Overlapping Resources
361(13)
System Description
362(1)
A Tightly Coupled Production System
363(11)
A Few Miscellaneous Modeling Issues
374(2)
Guided Transporters
374(1)
Parallel Queues
374(2)
Decision Logic
376(1)
Exercises
376(9)
Arena Integration and Customization
385(46)
Generating Entity Arrivals from Historical Data
385(5)
VBA in Arena
390(9)
Overview of Active X Automation and VBA
391(1)
Built-in Arena VBA Events
392(4)
Arena's Object Model
396(3)
Presenting Arrival Choices to the User
399(13)
Modifying the Creation Logic
400(2)
Designing the VBA UserForm
402(2)
Displaying the Form and Setting Model Data
404(8)
Recording and Charting Model Results in Microsoft Excel
412(8)
Setting Up Excel at the Beginning of the Run
414(3)
Storing Individual Call Data Using the VBA Module
417(2)
Charting the Results and Cleaning Up at the End of the Run
419(1)
Creating Modules Using the Arena Professional Edition: Template 9-1
420(7)
The Create from File Module
421(1)
The Template Source File: Template 09--1.tpl
422(1)
The Panel Icon and User View
422(1)
The Module Logic and Operands
423(3)
Uses of Templates
426(1)
Summary and Forecast
427(1)
Exercises
427(4)
Continuous and Combined Discrete/Continuous Models
431(40)
Modeling Simple Discrete/Continuous Systems
432(8)
A Simple Continuous System
432(3)
Interfacing Continuous and Discrete Logic
435(5)
A Coal-Loading Operation
440(14)
System Description
440(2)
Modeling Approach
442(1)
Building the Model
443(11)
Continuous State-Change Systems
454(10)
A Soaking Pit Furnace
455(1)
Modeling Continuously Changing Rates
455(1)
Arena's Approach for Solving Differential Equations
456(2)
Building the Model
458(5)
Defining the Differential Equations Using VBA
463(1)
Summary and Forecast
464(1)
Exercises
465(6)
Further Statistical Issues
471(30)
Random-Number Generation
471(6)
Generating Random Variates
477(4)
Discrete
477(2)
Continuous
479(2)
Nonstationary Poisson Processes
481(1)
Variance Reduction
482(8)
Common Random Numbers
483(6)
Other Methods
489(1)
Sequential Sampling
490(6)
Terminating Models
490(4)
Steady-State Models
494(2)
Designing and Executing Simulation Experiments
496(1)
Exercises
497(4)
Conducting Simulation Studies
501(20)
A Successful Simulation Study
501(3)
Problem Formulation
504(1)
Solution Methodology
505(1)
System and Simulation Specification
506(4)
Model Formulation and Construction
510(2)
Verification and Validation
512(3)
Experimentation and Analysis
515(1)
Presenting and Preserving the Results
516(1)
Disseminating the Model
517(4)
Appendix A Functional Specification for The Washington Post 521(16)
A.1 Introduction
521(2)
A.1.1 Document Organization
521(1)
A.1.2 Simulation Objectives
521(1)
A.1.3 Purpose of the Functional Specification
522(1)
A.1.4 Use of the Model
522(1)
A.1.5 Hardware and Software Requirements
523(1)
A.2 System Description and Modeling Approach
523(6)
A.2.1 Model Timeline
523(1)
A.2.2 Presses
523(2)
A.2.3 Product Types
525(1)
A.2.4 Press Packaging Lines
525(1)
A.2.5 Tray System
525(1)
A.2.6 Truck Arrivals
526(1)
A.2.7 Docks
527(1)
A.2.8 Palletizers
527(1)
A.2.9 Manual Insertion Process
528(1)
Example
528(1)
A.3 Animation
529(1)
A.4 Summary of Input and Output
529(3)
A.4.1 Model Input
529(1)
A.4.2 Model Output
530(2)
A.5 Project Deliverables
532(1)
A.5.1 Simulation Model Documentation
532(1)
A.5.2 User's Manual
532(1)
A.5.3 Model Validation
532(1)
A.5.4 Animation
532(1)
A.6 Acceptance
532(5)
Appendix B IIE/RS Contest Problems 537(28)
B.1 First Annual Contest: The SM Superstore
537(2)
B.2 Second Annual Contest: The SM Market
539(3)
B.3 Third Annual Contest: Sally Model's SM Pizza Shop
542(4)
B.4 Fourth Annual Contest: SM Office Repair
546(2)
B.5 Fifth Annual Contest: SM Rental
548(4)
B.6 Sixth Annual Contest: SM Theme Parks
552(3)
B.7 Seventh Annual Contest: SM Testing
555(10)
Appendix C A Refresher on Probability and Statistics 565(18)
C.1 Probability Basics
565(2)
C.2 Random Variables
567(8)
C.2.1 Basics
567(1)
C.2.2 Discrete
568(2)
C.2.3 Continuous
570(2)
C.2.4 Joint Distributions, Covariance, Correlation, and Independence
572(3)
C.3 Sampling and Sampling Distributions
575(2)
C.4 Point Estimation
577(1)
C.5 Confidence Intervals
577(2)
C.6 Hypothesis Tests
579(4)
Appendix D Arena's Probability Distributions 583(18)
Arena's Probability Distributions
583(18)
Beta
585(1)
Continuous
586(2)
Discrete
588(1)
Erlang
589(1)
Exponential
590(1)
Gamma
591(1)
Johnson
592(1)
Lognormal
593(1)
Normal
594(1)
Poisson
595(1)
Triangular
596(1)
Uniform
597(1)
Weibull
598(3)
Appendix E Academic Software Installation Instructions 601(4)
E.1 Authorization to Copy Software
601(1)
E.2 Installing the Arena Software
601(1)
E.3 System Requirements
602(3)
References 605(6)
References
605(6)
Index 611
Index
611

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