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Summary
Table of Contents
Preface | |
How to Use This Book | |
What Is Social Psychology? | |
A Definition of Social Psychology | |
The Scientific Study of the Effects of Social and Cognitive Processes on the Way Individuals Perceive, Influence, and Relate to Others | |
Historical Trends and Current Themes in Social Psychology | |
Social Psychology Becomes an Empirical Science | |
Social Psychology Splits From General Psychology Over What Causes Behavior | |
The Rise of Nazism Shapes the Development of Social Psychology | |
Growth and Integration | |
How the Approach of This Book Reflects an Integrative Perspective | |
Two Fundamental Axioms of Social Psychology | |
Three Motivational Principles | |
Three Processing Principles | |
Common Processes, Diverse Behaviors | |
Plan of the Book | |
Summary | |
Asking and Answering Research Questions | |
A Note to the Student on How to Use This Chapter | |
Research Questions and the Role of Theory | |
Origins of Research Questions | |
What is a Scientific Theory? | |
Testing Theories: From Theory to Research | |
Construct Validity and Approaches to Measurement | |
Internal Validity and Types of Research Design | |
External Validity and Research Populations and Settings | |
Evaluating Theories: The Bottom Line | |
The Role of Ethics and Values in Research | |
Being Fair to Participants | |
Being Helpful to Society | |
Concluding Comments | |
Summary | |
Perceiving Individuals | |
Forming First Impressions: Cues, Interpretations, and Inferences | |
The Raw Materials of First Impressions | |
Interpreting Cues | |
Characterizing the Behaving Person: Correspondent Inferences | |
When Is a Correspondent Inference Justified? | |
Beyond First Impressions: Systematic Processing | |
Causal Attributions | |
Using Attributions to Correct First Impressions | |
Putting It All Together: Forming Complex Impressions | |
The Accuracy of Considered Impressions | |
The Impact of Impressions: Using, Defending, and Changing Impressions | |
Impressions and Judgments | |
Defending Impressions | |
Dealing with Inconsistent Information | |
Concluding Comments | |
Summary | |
The Self | |
Constructing the Self-Concept: What We Know About Ourselves | |
Sources of the Self-Concept | |
Learning About Self and Others: The Same or Different? | |
Multiple Selves | |
Putting It All Together: Constructing a Coherent Self-Concept | |
Cultural Differences in the Self-Concept | |
Constructing Self-Esteem: How We Feel About Ourselves | |
Balancing Accurate Self-Knowledge and Self-Enhancement | |
Evaluating Personal Experiences: Some Pain but Mainly Gain | |
Social Comparisons: Better or Worse Than Others? | |
Why Self-Enhance? | |
Self-Esteem in Cultural Context | |
Effects of the Self: Processes of Self-Regulation | |
The Self and Thoughts About Ourselves and Others | |
The Self and Emotions: for Me or Against Me? | |
The Self in Action: Regulating Behavior | |
Temptations and Other Threats to Self-Regulation | |
Taking Accounts of Other People's Standards | |
Defending the Self: Coping with Stresses, Inconsistencies, and Failures | |
Threats to the Well-Being of the Self | |
Defending Against Threat: Emotion-Focused Coping | |
Attacking Threat Head-On: Problem-Focused Coping | |
How to Cope?Concluding Comments | |
Summary | |
Perceiving Groups | |
Targets of Prejudice: Social Groups | |
Social Categorization: Dividing the World into Social Groups | |
Forming Impressions of Groups: Establishing Stereotypes | |
The Content of Stereotypes | |
Seeking the Motives behind Stereotyping | |
Motives for Forming Stereotypes: Mastery through Summarizing Personal Experiences | |
Motives for Forming Stereotypes: Connectedness to Other | |
Moving for Forming Stereotypes: Justifying Inequalities | |
Using Stereotypes: From Preconceptions to Prejudice | |
Activation of Stereotypes | |
Measuring Stereotypes and Prejudice | |
Impact of Stereotypes on Judgments and Actions | |
Trying to Overcome Stereotype Effects | |
Beyond Simple Activation: Effects of Stereotypes on Consi | |
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
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