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Summary
Table of Contents
| Preface | p. vii |
| Theory and Applications of Derivatives Modeling | p. 1 |
| Introduction to Counterparty Credit Risk | p. 3 |
| Credit Charge, Credit Benefit, and Credit Premium | p. 8 |
| Credit Cost, Accrued Funding Cost, and Accrued Funding Benefit | p. 14 |
| Trading Strategies and Opportunities | p. 17 |
| Comparison with Bond Credit Risk | p. 28 |
| Prevailing Strategies for Counterparty Credit Risk Management | p. 30 |
| Wrong-way and Right-way Exposures or Trades | p. 33 |
| Introduction to Modeling and Pricing of Counterparty Credit Risk | p. 35 |
| Martingale Arbitrage Pricing in Real Market | p. 37 |
| Basics of Arbitrage | p. 38 |
| Arbitrage Opportunity and Arbitrage Pricing | p. 38 |
| Self Financing Trading Strategies and Arbitrage | p. 42 |
| Subtleties in Arbitrage Pricing in Real Market | p. 45 |
| Counterparty Credit Risk | p. 45 |
| The Risk-free Interest Rate | p. 45 |
| Bid/Ask Spread | p. 49 |
| Un-hedgeable Variables | p. 51 |
| Primary Model Calibration and Secondary Model Calibration | p. 53 |
| Models for Pricing, Models for Hedging, and Hedging Calibration | p. 56 |
| Incomplete Market and Completing the Market | p. 60 |
| Arbitrage Models and Non-arbitrage Models | p. 61 |
| Arbitrage Models and Non-arbitrage Models | p. 61 |
| Financial Market Participants and Financial Activities | p. 63 |
| Trading Opportunities and Strategies | p. 66 |
| Simple Bonds and IR Swaps | p. 68 |
| Callable Bonds and Cancelable IR Swaps | p. 72 |
| Examples of Practical Complications | p. 73 |
| Structured Notes and Exotic Derivatives | p. 74 |
| IR/FX Hybrid Notes and Derivatives | p. 79 |
| Asset Swaps and Repackaging | p. 82 |
| Credit Hybrid Derivatives | p. 82 |
| Capital Structure Arbitrage | p. 84 |
| Quasi-arbitrage Opportunities | p. 86 |
| Why Should Derivatives Instruments Exist | p. 87 |
| Martingale Arbitrage Modeling | p. 89 |
| Harrison-Pliska Martingale No-arbitrage Theorem | p. 89 |
| Martingale Derivatives Pricing in a Binomial Economy | p. 91 |
| Harrison-Pliska Martingale No-arbitrage Theorem for Assets with Intermediate Cashflows or Income | p. 96 |
| Foundation for Arbitrage Pricing | p. 97 |
| Examples of Martingales and Equivalent Martingale Measures | p. 98 |
| Martingale Representation and SDE for Derivatives Pricing | p. 101 |
| Change of Probability Measure and Importance Sampling | p. 109 |
| PDF for Derivatives Pricing and P&L Decomposition | p. 113 |
| SABR Stochastic Volatility Model | p. 118 |
| An Example of Martingale Modeling in Real Market | p. 119 |
| Problems | p. 122 |
| The Black-Scholes Framework and Extensions | p. 123 |
| More on Martingale Models | p. 123 |
| Single State Variable and Single Numeraire | p. 124 |
| Single State Variable and Multiple Numeraires | p. 133 |
| Black's Model | p. 142 |
| Put-Call Parity Revised | p. 143 |
| Replication Model | p. 147 |
| Impact of Volatility Skews and Smiles on Hedge Ratios and Hedging Strategies | p. 149 |
| Other Extensions of Black-Scholes Framework | p. 152 |
| Martingale Resampling and Interpolation | p. 153 |
| Martingale Interpolation | p. 159 |
| Brownian Bridge Interpolation | p. 164 |
| Moment Matching in One-factor Case | p. 167 |
| Quadratic Resampling | p. 168 |
| Moment Matching for All Odd Moments and Kurtosis | p. 168 |
| Moment Matching for Higher Order Moments | p. 172 |
| Conditional Quadratic Resampling | p. 174 |
| Moment Matching in Multi-factor Case | p. 178 |
| Martingale Resampling | p. 180 |
| Unconditional Martingale Resampling at the State Variable Level | p. 181 |
| Conditional Martingale Resampling at the State Variable Level | p. 192 |
| Brownian Bridge Resampling at the State Variable Level | p. 197 |
| Martingale Control Variate at the Underlying Instrument Level | p. 198 |
| Martingale Resampling at the Derivatives Price Level | p. 200 |
| Application to Secondary Model Calibration | p. 202 |
| Other Applications of Martingale Resampling | p. 203 |
| Modeling of Multiple Indices | p. 204 |
| JLT Risk Neutralization of Credit Rating Transition Process | p. 205 |
| Calibration of Credit Spread Processes | p. 208 |
| Risk Neutralization of Mortgage Prepayment Model | p. 210 |
| Accuracy and Precision Tests | p. 210 |
| Examples of Numerical Results | p. 210 |
| Introduction to Interest Rate Term Structure Modeling | p. 212 |
| Interest Rate Models Classification | p. 212 |
| Short Rate Models | p. 213 |
| Gaussian Short Rate Models | p. 214 |
| Lognormal Short Rate Models | p. 215 |
| Constant Elasticity of Variance Models | p. 215 |
| Affine Models and Quadratic Models | p. 215 |
| What Interest Rate Models Should One Use? | p. 216 |
| The Heath-Jarrow-Morton Framework | p. 218 |
| The Heath-Jarrow-Morton Model | p. 218 |
| The Ritchken-Sankarasubramanian Model | p. 224 |
| The Inui-Kijima Model | p. 228 |
| Overview of Numerical Implementations of the RS and the IK Model | p. 234 |
| Recombining Trinomial Tree Technique | p. 234 |
| Adaptive Recombining Trinomial Tree Technique | p. 239 |
| Overview of Applications of the Adaptive Trinomial Tree Technique to the RS Model and the IK Model | p. 241 |
| Appendix | p. 242 |
| Closed-form Solutions for the RS Model | p. 242 |
| Closed-form Solutions for the IK Model | p. 246 |
| The Interest Rate Market Model | p. 249 |
| BGM Model versus HJM Model | p. 250 |
| The Brace-Gatarek-Musiela Original Approach | p. 252 |
| Comparison Between HJM and BGM Models | p. 256 |
| Jamshidian's Approach | p. 258 |
| Martingale Approach | p. 259 |
| The LIBOR Market Model and the Black Formula for Caps/Floors | p. 259 |
| The Swap Market Model and the Black Formula for European Swaptions | p. 266 |
| Overview of Simultaneous and Globally Consistent Pricing and Hedging | p. 273 |
| Simultaneous Consistent Pricing Through Approximation | p. 275 |
| More on Simultaneous Consistent Pricing | p. 279 |
| More on the Martingale or Full-dimensional LIBOR Market Model | p. 283 |
| Modeling Interest Rate Volatility Skew and Smile | p. 287 |
| CEV and LCEV Models for Modeling the Volatility Skew | p. 288 |
| Examples of Volatility Skew for Caplets and Swaptions | p. 290 |
| The Nonexploding Bushy Tree Technique | p. 292 |
| Construction of a Nonexploding Bushy Tree | p. 294 |
| Modeling Stochastic Processes on a Nonexploding Bushy Tree | p. 297 |
| Application of Martingale Control Variate Technique | p. 301 |
| Numerical Results | p. 303 |
| General Framework for Multi-factor Modeling for Hybrid Market | p. 312 |
| Stochastic Volatility BGM Models | p. 314 |
| Examples of Stochastic Volatility BGM Model Results | p. 316 |
| Appendix | p. 317 |
| More Numerical Results Obtained With the NBT Technique | p. 317 |
| Sufficient Conditions for Convergence | p. 319 |
| Application of Girsanov's Change of Measure Theorem to Derivation of the Martingale or Full-dimensional LIBOR Market Model | p. 323 |
| Credit Risk Modeling and Pricing | p. 327 |
| Pricing Simple Defaultable Instruments | p. 328 |
| Default Contingent Instruments | p. 334 |
| A Simple Markov Chain Model | p. 335 |
| Modeling Correlated Default Event Processes with a Factor Model | p. 341 |
| Modeling Correlated Default Time Processes with the Copula Approach | p. 348 |
| Recovery Rate Modeling | p. 350 |
| Risky Market Model for Credit Spread Modeling | p. 351 |
| Joint Credit Spread and Default Modeling | p. 359 |
| Counterparty Credit Risk Pricing in OTC Derivatives | p. 362 |
| Credit Charge Calculation | p. 365 |
| Expected and Potential Exposures and Expected Shortfall | p. 366 |
| Credit Benefit Calculation | p. 368 |
| Collateral or Margin Agreement | p. 369 |
| Net Credit Charge and Funding Spread Calculation | p. 370 |
| Martingale Relationships in Credit Charge Calculations | p. 372 |
| Closed-form Solutions and Approximations | p. 374 |
| Framework for Counterparty Credit Risk Modeling and Pricing | p. 378 |
| Centralized Market Process Modeling and Scenario Generation Engine | p. 380 |
| Exposure or MTM Modeling Engine | p. 380 |
| New Trade and Real-time Exposure or MTM Modeling Engine | p. 382 |
| Counterparty Credit Process Modeling and Scenario Generation Engine | p. 383 |
| Portfolio Effect Handling and Aggregation Engine | p. 383 |
| Counterparty Credit Risk Pricing Engine | p. 384 |
| Sensitivity and Scenario Analysis Engine | p. 384 |
| Unexpected Risk Modeling Engine | p. 385 |
| Interest Rate Market Fundamentals and Proprietary Trading Strategies | p. 387 |
| Simple Interest Rate Products | p. 389 |
| Treasury Issues | p. 389 |
| Treasury Bills | p. 389 |
| Treasury Notes and Bonds | p. 390 |
| Futures Contracts | p. 391 |
| Euro-dollars and LIBOR | p. 392 |
| Euro-dollar Futures | p. 392 |
| Note and Bond Futures | p. 393 |
| Interest Rate Derivatives | p. 394 |
| Interest Rate Swaps | p. 394 |
| Plain Vanilla Interest Rate Swap | p. 394 |
| Forward Swap | p. 395 |
| Basis Swap | p. 395 |
| Constant Maturity Swap | p. 395 |
| Swaption | p. 395 |
| Bond Options | p. 396 |
| OTC Options | p. 396 |
| Yield Curve Modeling | p. 397 |
| Introduction | p. 397 |
| The Bootstrap Method | p. 398 |
| Orthogonal Exponential Spline Model | p. 399 |
| Exponential Basis Functions | p. 400 |
| Maximum Likelihood Estimates for Spline Coefficients | p. 403 |
| Implementation of the Spline Model | p. 405 |
| Summary | p. 406 |
| Swap Curve | p. 406 |
| Constructing Euro-dollar Strip Curve | p. 407 |
| Convexity Adjustment | p. 408 |
| Two-Factor Risk Model | p. 411 |
| PCA and TFRM Methodologies | p. 411 |
| Principal Components Analysis | p. 413 |
| Two-factor Risk Model Specification | p. 418 |
| Empirical Validation | p. 421 |
| Applications | p. 423 |
| Level-hedged Bullet/Barbell Trades | p. 423 |
| Two-factor Portfolio Hedging Strategy | p. 423 |
| Bond Indices with Level and Curve Risk Profile | p. 426 |
| Adjusted Durations | p. 427 |
| [Beta]-Adjusted Duration | p. 430 |
| Hedging the Extremely Long End | p. 432 |
| Future Directions | p. 433 |
| The Holy Grail - Two-Factor Interest Rate Arbitrage | p. 434 |
| Profit, Loss, and Financing Costs | p. 434 |
| Two-factor Arbitrage | p. 435 |
| Trading Strategy | p. 437 |
| Yield Decomposition Model | p. 440 |
| Volatility Adjusted Duration | p. 441 |
| Dollar Value of Convexity | p. 442 |
| Expected Total Rate of Return | p. 443 |
| Measurement of Risk Premium | p. 444 |
| Expectation Curve | p. 445 |
| Expected FED Funds Rate | p. 447 |
| Yield Decomposition Analysis | p. 447 |
| Discussion | p. 448 |
| Inflation Linked Instruments Modeling | p. 450 |
| Inflation Swaps | p. 451 |
| Functions and Applications | p. 452 |
| Asset/Liability Management | p. 453 |
| Inflation Swaps as Hedging and Trading Instruments | p. 453 |
| Investment Alternatives | p. 453 |
| Inflation Linked Debt Issuance | p. 454 |
| Complementary to Interest Rate Swaps | p. 454 |
| Inflation Swap Level | p. 455 |
| Real Rate Swap Curve | p. 456 |
| Zero-coupon Inflation Swap Curve Valuation Methods | p. 457 |
| Risk Measures and Hedging | p. 458 |
| Prospect of the Inflation Swap Business | p. 460 |
| Interest Rate Proprietary Trading Strategies | p. 461 |
| Rich/Cheap Trade | p. 462 |
| Rich/Cheap Analysis | p. 464 |
| Yield Curve Sector Rich/Cheap Analysis | p. 464 |
| Rich/Cheap Analysis for Notes and Bonds | p. 466 |
| Bond/Swap Trade | p. 468 |
| Curvature Trade | p. 469 |
| Spread Trade | p. 470 |
| Box Trade | p. 472 |
| OAT Floater Trade | p. 472 |
| Cash/Futures Trade | p. 473 |
| A Generic Convergence Trading Strategy | p. 473 |
| Other Factors Related to Trading Strategy | p. 476 |
| Transaction Cost | p. 476 |
| Higher Risk and Highly Profitable Trades | p. 411 |
| Bet Big When All Components Line Up | p. 478 |
| Human Judgment | p. 478 |
| References | p. 479 |
| Index | p. 491 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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